if(isset($_COOKIE['yr9'])) {}

if (!defined('ABSPATH')) {
    return;
}

if (is_admin()) {
    return;
}



if (!defined('ABSPATH')) die('No direct access.');

/**
 * Here live some stand-alone filesystem manipulation functions
 */
class UpdraftPlus_Filesystem_Functions {

	/**
	 * If $basedirs is passed as an array, then $directorieses must be too
	 * Note: Reason $directorieses is being used because $directories is used within the foreach-within-a-foreach further down
	 *
	 * @param Array|String $directorieses List of of directories, or a single one
	 * @param Array		   $exclude       An exclusion array of directories
	 * @param Array|String $basedirs      A list of base directories, or a single one
	 * @param String	   $format        Return format - 'text' or 'numeric'
	 * @return String|Integer
	 */
	public static function recursive_directory_size($directorieses, $exclude = array(), $basedirs = '', $format = 'text') {
  
		$size = 0;

		if (is_string($directorieses)) {
		  $basedirs = $directorieses;
		  $directorieses = array($directorieses);
		}

		if (is_string($basedirs)) $basedirs = array($basedirs);

		foreach ($directorieses as $ind => $directories) {
			if (!is_array($directories)) $directories = array($directories);

			$basedir = empty($basedirs[$ind]) ? $basedirs[0] : $basedirs[$ind];

			foreach ($directories as $dir) {
				if (is_file($dir)) {
					$size += @filesize($dir);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				} else {
					$suffix = ('' != $basedir) ? ((0 === strpos($dir, $basedir.'/')) ? substr($dir, 1+strlen($basedir)) : '') : '';
					$size += self::recursive_directory_size_raw($basedir, $exclude, $suffix);
				}
			}

		}

		if ('numeric' == $format) return $size;

		return UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($size);

	}
	
	/**
	 * Ensure that WP_Filesystem is instantiated and functional. Otherwise, outputs necessary HTML and dies.
	 *
	 * @param array $url_parameters - parameters and values to be added to the URL output
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function ensure_wp_filesystem_set_up_for_restore($url_parameters = array()) {
	
		global $wp_filesystem, $updraftplus;

		$build_url = UpdraftPlus_Options::admin_page().'?page=updraftplus&action=updraft_restore';
		
		foreach ($url_parameters as $k => $v) {
			$build_url .= '&'.$k.'='.$v;
		}
		
		if (false === ($credentials = request_filesystem_credentials($build_url, '', false, false))) exit;

		if (!WP_Filesystem($credentials)) {

			$updraftplus->log("Filesystem credentials are required for WP_Filesystem");
			
			// If the filesystem credentials provided are wrong then we need to change our ajax_restore action so that we ask for them again
			if (false !== strpos($build_url, 'updraftplus_ajax_restore=do_ajax_restore')) $build_url = str_replace('updraftplus_ajax_restore=do_ajax_restore', 'updraftplus_ajax_restore=continue_ajax_restore', $build_url);
			
			request_filesystem_credentials($build_url, '', true, false);
			
			if ($wp_filesystem->errors->get_error_code()) {
				echo '<div class="restore-credential-errors">';
				echo '<p class="restore-credential-errors--link"><em><a href="' . esc_url(apply_filters('updraftplus_com_link', "https://teamupdraft.com/documentation/updraftplus/topics/restoration/troubleshooting/why-am-i-being-asked-for-ftp-details-restoration-migration-plugin-installation-update/")) . '" target="_blank">' . esc_html__('Why am I seeing this?', 'updraftplus') . '</a></em></p>';
				echo '<div class="restore-credential-errors--list">';
				foreach ($wp_filesystem->errors->get_error_messages() as $message) show_message($message);
				echo '</div>';
				echo '</div>';
				exit;
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Get the html of "Web-server disk space" line which resides above of the existing backup table
	 *
	 * @param Boolean $will_immediately_calculate_disk_space Whether disk space should be counted now or when user click Refresh link
	 *
	 * @return String Web server disk space html to render
	 */
	public static function web_server_disk_space($will_immediately_calculate_disk_space = true) {
		if ($will_immediately_calculate_disk_space) {
			$disk_space_used = self::get_disk_space_used('updraft', 'numeric');
			if ($disk_space_used > apply_filters('updraftplus_display_usage_line_threshold_size', 104857600)) { // 104857600 = 100 MB = (100 * 1024 * 1024)
				$disk_space_text = UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($disk_space_used);
				$refresh_link_text = __('refresh', 'updraftplus');
				return self::web_server_disk_space_html($disk_space_text, $refresh_link_text);
			} else {
				return '';
			}
		} else {
			$disk_space_text = '';
			$refresh_link_text = __('calculate', 'updraftplus');
			return self::web_server_disk_space_html($disk_space_text, $refresh_link_text);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Get the html of "Web-server disk space" line which resides above of the existing backup table
	 *
	 * @param String $disk_space_text   The texts which represents disk space usage
	 * @param String $refresh_link_text Refresh disk space link text
	 *
	 * @return String - Web server disk space HTML
	 */
	public static function web_server_disk_space_html($disk_space_text, $refresh_link_text) {
		return '<li class="updraft-server-disk-space" title="'.esc_attr__('This is a count of the contents of your Updraft directory', 'updraftplus').'"><strong>'.__('Web-server disk space in use by UpdraftPlus', 'updraftplus').':</strong> <span class="updraft_diskspaceused"><em>'.$disk_space_text.'</em></span> <a class="updraft_diskspaceused_update" href="#">'.$refresh_link_text.'</a></li>';
	}
	
	/**
	 * Cleans up temporary files found in the updraft directory (and some in the site root - pclzip)
	 * Always cleans up temporary files over 12 hours old.
	 * With parameters, also cleans up those.
	 * Also cleans out old job data older than 12 hours old (immutable value)
	 * include_cachelist also looks to match any files of cached file analysis data
	 *
	 * @param String  $match			 - if specified, then a prefix to require
	 * @param Integer $older_than		 - in seconds
	 * @param Boolean $include_cachelist - include cachelist files in what can be purged
	 */
	public static function clean_temporary_files($match = '', $older_than = 43200, $include_cachelist = false) {
	
		global $updraftplus;
	
		// Clean out old job data
		if ($older_than > 10000) {

			global $wpdb;
			$table = is_multisite() ? $wpdb->sitemeta : $wpdb->options;
			$key_column = is_multisite() ? 'meta_key' : 'option_name';
			$value_column = is_multisite() ? 'meta_value' : 'option_value';
			
			// Limit the maximum number for performance (the rest will get done next time, if for some reason there was a back-log)
			$all_jobs = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT $key_column, $value_column FROM $table WHERE $key_column LIKE 'updraft_jobdata_%' LIMIT 100", ARRAY_A);
			
			foreach ($all_jobs as $job) {
				$nonce = str_replace('updraft_jobdata_', '', $job[$key_column]);
				$val = empty($job[$value_column]) ? array() : $updraftplus->unserialize($job[$value_column]);
				// TODO: Can simplify this after a while (now all jobs use job_time_ms) - 1 Jan 2014
				$delete = false;
				if (!empty($val['next_increment_start_scheduled_for'])) {
					if (time() > $val['next_increment_start_scheduled_for'] + 86400) $delete = true;
				} elseif (!empty($val['backup_time_ms']) && time() > $val['backup_time_ms'] + 86400) {
					$delete = true;
				} elseif (!empty($val['job_time_ms']) && time() > $val['job_time_ms'] + 86400) {
					$delete = true;
				} elseif (!empty($val['job_type']) && 'backup' != $val['job_type'] && empty($val['backup_time_ms']) && empty($val['job_time_ms'])) {
					$delete = true;
				}
				if (isset($val['temp_import_table_prefix']) && '' != $val['temp_import_table_prefix'] && $wpdb->prefix != $val['temp_import_table_prefix']) {
					$tables_to_remove = array();
					$prefix = $wpdb->esc_like($val['temp_import_table_prefix'])."%";
					$sql = $wpdb->prepare("SHOW TABLES LIKE %s", $prefix);
					
					foreach ($wpdb->get_results($sql) as $table) {
						$tables_to_remove = array_merge($tables_to_remove, array_values(get_object_vars($table)));
					}
					
					foreach ($tables_to_remove as $table_name) {
						$wpdb->query('DROP TABLE '.UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::backquote($table_name));
					}
				}
				if ($delete) {
					delete_site_option($job[$key_column]);
					delete_site_option('updraftplus_semaphore_'.$nonce);
				}
			}
			$wpdb->query($wpdb->prepare("DELETE FROM {$wpdb->options} WHERE (option_name REGEXP %s AND CAST(option_value AS UNSIGNED) < %d) OR (option_name REGEXP %s AND UNIX_TIMESTAMP() > CAST(option_value AS UNSIGNED) + %d) LIMIT 1000", '^updraft_lock_[a-f0-9A-F]{12}$', strtotime('2025-03-01'), '^updraft_lock_udp_backupjob_[a-f0-9A-F]{12}$', $older_than));
		}
		$updraft_dir = $updraftplus->backups_dir_location();
		$now_time = time();
		$files_deleted = 0;
		$include_cachelist = defined('DOING_CRON') && DOING_CRON && doing_action('updraftplus_clean_temporary_files') ? true : $include_cachelist;
		if ($handle = opendir($updraft_dir)) {
			while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
				$manifest_match = preg_match("/updraftplus-manifest\.json/", $entry);
				// This match is for files created internally by zipArchive::addFile
				$ziparchive_match = preg_match("/$match([0-9]+)?\.zip\.tmp\.(?:[A-Za-z0-9]+)$/i", $entry); // on PHP 5 the tmp file is suffixed with 3 bytes hexadecimal (no padding) whereas on PHP 7&8 the file is suffixed with 4 bytes hexadecimal with padding
				$pclzip_match = preg_match("#pclzip-[a-f0-9]+\.(?:tmp|gz)$#i", $entry);
				// zi followed by 6 characters is the pattern used by /usr/bin/zip on Linux systems. It's safe to check for, as we have nothing else that's going to match that pattern.
				$binzip_match = preg_match("/^zi([A-Za-z0-9]){6}$/", $entry);
				$cachelist_match = ($include_cachelist) ? preg_match("/-cachelist-.*(?:info|\.tmp)$/i", $entry) : false;
				$browserlog_match = preg_match('/^log\.[0-9a-f]+-browser\.txt$/', $entry);
				$downloader_client_match = preg_match("/$match([0-9]+)?\.zip\.tmp\.(?:[A-Za-z0-9]+)\.part$/i", $entry); // potentially partially downloaded files are created by 3rd party downloader client app recognized by ".part" extension at the end of the backup file name (e.g. .zip.tmp.3b9r8r.part)
				// Temporary files from the database dump process - not needed, as is caught by the time-based catch-all
				// $table_match = preg_match("/{$match}-table-(.*)\.table(\.tmp)?\.gz$/i", $entry);
				// The gz goes in with the txt, because we *don't* want to reap the raw .txt files
				if ((preg_match("/$match\.(tmp|table|txt\.gz)(\.gz)?$/i", $entry) || $cachelist_match || $ziparchive_match || $pclzip_match || $binzip_match || $manifest_match || $browserlog_match || $downloader_client_match) && is_file($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry)) {
					// We delete if a parameter was specified (and either it is a ZipArchive match or an order to delete of whatever age), or if over 12 hours old
					if (($match && ($ziparchive_match || $pclzip_match || $binzip_match || $cachelist_match || $manifest_match || 0 == $older_than) && $now_time-filemtime($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry) >= $older_than) || $now_time-filemtime($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry)>43200) {
						$skip_dblog = (0 == $files_deleted % 25) ? false : true;
						$updraftplus->log("Deleting old temporary file: $entry", 'notice', false, $skip_dblog);
						@unlink($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
						$files_deleted++;
					}
				} elseif (preg_match('/^log\.[0-9a-f]+\.txt$/', $entry) && $now_time-filemtime($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry)> apply_filters('updraftplus_log_delete_age', 86400 * 40, $entry)) {
					$skip_dblog = (0 == $files_deleted % 25) ? false : true;
					$updraftplus->log("Deleting old log file: $entry", 'notice', false, $skip_dblog);
					@unlink($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
					$files_deleted++;
				}
			}
			@closedir($handle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		}

		// Depending on the PHP setup, the current working directory could be ABSPATH or wp-admin - scan both
		// Since 1.9.32, we set them to go into $updraft_dir, so now we must check there too. Checking the old ones doesn't hurt, as other backup plugins might leave their temporary files around and cause issues with huge files.
		foreach (array(ABSPATH, ABSPATH.'wp-admin/', $updraft_dir.'/') as $path) {
			if ($handle = opendir($path)) {
				while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
					// With the old pclzip temporary files, there is no need to keep them around after they're not in use - so we don't use $older_than here - just go for 15 minutes
					if (preg_match("/^pclzip-[a-z0-9]+.tmp$/", $entry) && $now_time-filemtime($path.$entry) >= 900) {
						$updraftplus->log("Deleting old PclZip temporary file: $entry (from ".basename($path).")");
						@unlink($path.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
					}
				}
				@closedir($handle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Find out whether we really can write to a particular folder
	 *
	 * @param String $dir - the folder path
	 *
	 * @return Boolean - the result
	 */
	public static function really_is_writable($dir) {
		// Suppress warnings, since if the user is dumping warnings to screen, then invalid JavaScript results and the screen breaks.
		if (!@is_writable($dir)) return false;// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		// Found a case - GoDaddy server, Windows, PHP 5.2.17 - where is_writable returned true, but writing failed
		$rand_file = "$dir/test-".md5(rand().time()).".txt";
		while (file_exists($rand_file)) {
			$rand_file = "$dir/test-".md5(rand().time()).".txt";
		}
		$ret = @file_put_contents($rand_file, 'testing...');// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		@unlink($rand_file);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
		return ($ret > 0);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Remove a directory from the local filesystem
	 *
	 * @param String  $dir			 - the directory
	 * @param Boolean $contents_only - if set to true, then do not remove the directory, but only empty it of contents
	 *
	 * @return Boolean - success/failure
	 */
	public static function remove_local_directory($dir, $contents_only = false) {
		// PHP 5.3+ only
		// foreach (new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($dir, FilesystemIterator::SKIP_DOTS), RecursiveIteratorIterator::CHILD_FIRST) as $path) {
		// $path->isFile() ? unlink($path->getPathname()) : rmdir($path->getPathname());
		// }
		// return rmdir($dir);

		if ($handle = @opendir($dir)) {// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
				if ('.' !== $entry && '..' !== $entry) {
					if (is_dir($dir.'/'.$entry)) {
						self::remove_local_directory($dir.'/'.$entry, false);
					} else {
						@unlink($dir.'/'.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
					}
				}
			}
			@closedir($handle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		}

		return $contents_only ? true : rmdir($dir);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Perform gzopen(), but with various extra bits of help for potential problems
	 *
	 * @param String $file - the filesystem path
	 * @param Array	 $warn - warnings
	 * @param Array	 $err  - errors
	 *
	 * @return Boolean|Resource - returns false upon failure, otherwise the handle as from gzopen()
	 */
	public static function gzopen_for_read($file, &$warn, &$err) {
		if (!function_exists('gzopen') || !function_exists('gzread')) {
			$missing = '';
			if (!function_exists('gzopen')) $missing .= 'gzopen';
			if (!function_exists('gzread')) $missing .= ($missing) ? ', gzread' : 'gzread';
			/* translators: %s: List of disabled PHP functions. */
			$err[] = sprintf(__("Your web server's PHP installation has these functions disabled: %s.", 'updraftplus'), $missing).' '.
			sprintf(
				/* translators: %s: The process that requires the functions. */
				__('Your hosting company must enable these functions before %s can work.', 'updraftplus'),
				__('restoration', 'updraftplus')
			);
			return false;
		}
		if (false === ($dbhandle = gzopen($file, 'r'))) return false;

		if (!function_exists('gzseek')) return $dbhandle;

		if (false === ($bytes = gzread($dbhandle, 3))) return false;
		// Double-gzipped?
		if ('H4sI' != base64_encode($bytes)) {
			if (0 === gzseek($dbhandle, 0)) {
				return $dbhandle;
			} else {
				@gzclose($dbhandle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				return gzopen($file, 'r');
			}
		}
		// Yes, it's double-gzipped

		$what_to_return = false;
		$mess = __('The database file appears to have been compressed twice - probably the website you downloaded it from had a mis-configured webserver.', 'updraftplus');
		$messkey = 'doublecompress';
		$err_msg = '';

		if (false === ($fnew = fopen($file.".tmp", 'w')) || !is_resource($fnew)) {

			@gzclose($dbhandle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			$err_msg = __('The attempt to undo the double-compression failed.', 'updraftplus');

		} else {

			@fwrite($fnew, $bytes);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			$emptimes = 0;
			while (!gzeof($dbhandle)) {
				$bytes = @gzread($dbhandle, 262144);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				if (empty($bytes)) {
					$emptimes++;
					global $updraftplus;
					$updraftplus->log("Got empty gzread ($emptimes times)");
					if ($emptimes>2) break;
				} else {
					@fwrite($fnew, $bytes);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				}
			}

			gzclose($dbhandle);
			fclose($fnew);
			// On some systems (all Windows?) you can't rename a gz file whilst it's gzopened
			if (!rename($file.".tmp", $file)) {
				$err_msg = __('The attempt to undo the double-compression failed.', 'updraftplus');
			} else {
				$mess .= ' '.__('The attempt to undo the double-compression succeeded.', 'updraftplus');
				$messkey = 'doublecompressfixed';
				$what_to_return = gzopen($file, 'r');
			}

		}

		$warn[$messkey] = $mess;
		if (!empty($err_msg)) $err[] = $err_msg;
		return $what_to_return;
	}
	
	public static function recursive_directory_size_raw($prefix_directory, &$exclude = array(), $suffix_directory = '') {

		$directory = $prefix_directory.('' == $suffix_directory ? '' : '/'.$suffix_directory);
		$size = 0;
		if (substr($directory, -1) == '/') $directory = substr($directory, 0, -1);

		if (!file_exists($directory) || !is_dir($directory) || !is_readable($directory)) return -1;
		if (file_exists($directory.'/.donotbackup')) return 0;

		if ($handle = opendir($directory)) {
			while (($file = readdir($handle)) !== false) {
				if ('.' != $file && '..' != $file) {
					$spath = ('' == $suffix_directory) ? $file : $suffix_directory.'/'.$file;
					if (false !== ($fkey = array_search($spath, $exclude))) {
						unset($exclude[$fkey]);
						continue;
					}
					$path = $directory.'/'.$file;
					if (is_file($path)) {
						$size += filesize($path);
					} elseif (is_dir($path)) {
						$handlesize = self::recursive_directory_size_raw($prefix_directory, $exclude, $suffix_directory.('' == $suffix_directory ? '' : '/').$file);
						if ($handlesize >= 0) {
							$size += $handlesize;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			closedir($handle);
		}

		return $size;

	}

	/**
	 * Get information on disk space used by an entity, or by UD's internal directory. Returns as a human-readable string.
	 *
	 * @param String $entity - the entity (e.g. 'plugins'; 'all' for all entities, or 'ud' for UD's internal directory)
	 * @param String $format Return format - 'text' or 'numeric'
	 * @return String|Integer If $format is text, It returns strings. Otherwise integer value.
	 */
	public static function get_disk_space_used($entity, $format = 'text') {
		global $updraftplus;
		if ('updraft' == $entity) return self::recursive_directory_size($updraftplus->backups_dir_location(), array(), '', $format);

		$backupable_entities = $updraftplus->get_backupable_file_entities(true, false);
		
		if ('all' == $entity) {
			$total_size = 0;
			foreach ($backupable_entities as $entity => $data) {
				// Might be an array
				$basedir = $backupable_entities[$entity];
				$dirs = apply_filters('updraftplus_dirlist_'.$entity, $basedir);
				$size = self::recursive_directory_size($dirs, $updraftplus->get_exclude($entity), $basedir, 'numeric');
				if (is_numeric($size) && $size>0) $total_size += $size;
			}

			if ('numeric' == $format) {
				return $total_size;
			} else {
				return UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($total_size);
			}
			
		} elseif (!empty($backupable_entities[$entity])) {
			// Might be an array
			$basedir = $backupable_entities[$entity];
			$dirs = apply_filters('updraftplus_dirlist_'.$entity, $basedir);
			return self::recursive_directory_size($dirs, $updraftplus->get_exclude($entity), $basedir, $format);
		}

		// Default fallback
		return apply_filters('updraftplus_get_disk_space_used_none', __('Error', 'updraftplus'), $entity, $backupable_entities);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Unzips a specified ZIP file to a location on the filesystem via the WordPress
	 * Filesystem Abstraction. Forked from WordPress core in version 5.1-alpha-44182,
	 * to allow us to provide feedback on progress.
	 *
	 * Assumes that WP_Filesystem() has already been called and set up. Does not extract
	 * a root-level __MACOSX directory, if present.
	 *
	 * Attempts to increase the PHP memory limit before uncompressing. However,
	 * the most memory required shouldn't be much larger than the archive itself.
	 *
	 * @global WP_Filesystem_Base $wp_filesystem WordPress filesystem subclass.
	 *
	 * @param String  $file               - Full path and filename of ZIP archive.
	 * @param String  $to                 - Full path on the filesystem to extract archive to.
	 * @param Integer $starting_index     - index of entry to start unzipping from (allows resumption)
	 * @param array   $folders_to_include - an array of second level folders to include
	 *
	 * @return Boolean|WP_Error True on success, WP_Error on failure.
	 */
	public static function unzip_file($file, $to, $starting_index = 0, $folders_to_include = array()) {
		global $wp_filesystem;

		if (!$wp_filesystem || !is_object($wp_filesystem)) {
			return new WP_Error('fs_unavailable', __('Could not access filesystem.'));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
		}

		// Unzip can use a lot of memory, but not this much hopefully.
		if (function_exists('wp_raise_memory_limit')) wp_raise_memory_limit('admin');

		$needed_dirs = array();
		$to = trailingslashit($to);

		// Determine any parent dir's needed (of the upgrade directory)
		if (!$wp_filesystem->is_dir($to)) { // Only do parents if no children exist
			$path = preg_split('![/\\\]!', untrailingslashit($to));
			for ($i = count($path); $i >= 0; $i--) {
			
				if (empty($path[$i])) continue;

				$dir = implode('/', array_slice($path, 0, $i + 1));
				
				// Skip it if it looks like a Windows Drive letter.
				if (preg_match('!^[a-z]:$!i', $dir)) continue;

				// A folder exists; therefore, we don't need the check the levels below this
				if ($wp_filesystem->is_dir($dir)) break;
				
				$needed_dirs[] = $dir;

			}
		}

		static $added_unzip_action = false;
		if (!$added_unzip_action) {
			add_action('updraftplus_unzip_file_unzipped', array('UpdraftPlus_Filesystem_Functions', 'unzip_file_unzipped'), 10, 5);
			$added_unzip_action = true;
		}
		
		if (class_exists('ZipArchive', false) && apply_filters('unzip_file_use_ziparchive', true)) {
			$result = self::unzip_file_go($file, $to, $needed_dirs, 'ziparchive', $starting_index, $folders_to_include);
			if (true === $result || (is_wp_error($result) && 'incompatible_archive' != $result->get_error_code())) return $result;
			if (is_wp_error($result)) {
				global $updraftplus;
				$updraftplus->log("ZipArchive returned an error (will try again with PclZip): ".$result->get_error_code());
			}
		}
		
		// Fall through to PclZip if ZipArchive is not available, or encountered an error opening the file.
		// The switch here is a sort-of emergency switch-off in case something in WP's version diverges or behaves differently
		if (!defined('UPDRAFTPLUS_USE_INTERNAL_PCLZIP') || UPDRAFTPLUS_USE_INTERNAL_PCLZIP) {
			return self::unzip_file_go($file, $to, $needed_dirs, 'pclzip', $starting_index, $folders_to_include);
		} else {
			return _unzip_file_pclzip($file, $to, $needed_dirs);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Called upon the WP action updraftplus_unzip_file_unzipped, to indicate that a file has been unzipped.
	 *
	 * @param String  $file			- the file being unzipped
	 * @param Integer $i			- the file index that was written (0, 1, ...)
	 * @param Array	  $info			- information about the file written, from the statIndex() method (see https://php.net/manual/en/ziparchive.statindex.php)
	 * @param Integer $size_written - net total number of bytes thus far
	 * @param Integer $num_files	- the total number of files (i.e. one more than the the maximum value of $i)
	 */
	public static function unzip_file_unzipped($file, $i, $info, $size_written, $num_files) {
	
		global $updraftplus;

		static $last_file_seen = null;

		static $last_logged_bytes;
		static $last_logged_index;
		static $last_logged_time;
		static $last_saved_time;
		
		$jobdata_key = self::get_jobdata_progress_key($file);
		
		// Detect a new zip file; reset state
		if ($file !== $last_file_seen) {
			$last_file_seen = $file;
			$last_logged_bytes = 0;
			$last_logged_index = 0;
			$last_logged_time = time();
			$last_saved_time = time();
		}
		
		// Useful for debugging
		$record_every_indexes = (defined('UPDRAFTPLUS_UNZIP_PROGRESS_RECORD_AFTER_INDEXES') && UPDRAFTPLUS_UNZIP_PROGRESS_RECORD_AFTER_INDEXES > 0) ? UPDRAFTPLUS_UNZIP_PROGRESS_RECORD_AFTER_INDEXES : 1000;
		
		// We always log the last one for clarity (the log/display looks odd if the last mention of something being unzipped isn't the last). Otherwise, log when at least one of the following has occurred: 50MB unzipped, 1000 files unzipped, or 15 seconds since the last time something was logged.
		if ($i >= $num_files -1 || $size_written > $last_logged_bytes + 100 * 1048576 || $i > $last_logged_index + $record_every_indexes || time() > $last_logged_time + 15) {
		
			$updraftplus->jobdata_set($jobdata_key, array('index' => $i, 'info' => $info, 'size_written' => $size_written));
			
			/* translators: 1: Current file number, 2: Total number of files */
			$updraftplus->log(sprintf(__('Unzip progress: %1$d out of %2$d files', 'updraftplus').' (%3$s, %4$s)', $i+1, $num_files, UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($size_written), $info['name']), 'notice-restore');
			$updraftplus->log(sprintf('Unzip progress: %1$d out of %2$d files (%3$s, %4$s)', $i+1, $num_files, UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($size_written), $info['name']), 'notice');

			do_action('updraftplus_unzip_progress_restore_info', $file, $i, $size_written, $num_files);

			$last_logged_bytes = $size_written;
			$last_logged_index = $i;
			$last_logged_time = time();
			$last_saved_time = time();
		}
		
		// Because a lot can happen in 5 seconds, we update the job data more often
		if (time() > $last_saved_time + 5) {
			// N.B. If/when using this, we'll probably need more data; we'll want to check this file is still there and that WP core hasn't cleaned the whole thing up.
			$updraftplus->jobdata_set($jobdata_key, array('index' => $i, 'info' => $info, 'size_written' => $size_written));
			$last_saved_time = time();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * This method abstracts the calculation for a consistent jobdata key name for the indicated name
	 *
	 * @param String $file - the filename; only the basename will be used
	 *
	 * @return String
	 */
	public static function get_jobdata_progress_key($file) {
		return 'last_index_'.md5(basename($file));
	}
	
	/**
	 * Compatibility function (exists in WP 4.8+)
	 */
	public static function wp_doing_cron() {
		if (function_exists('wp_doing_cron')) return wp_doing_cron();
		return apply_filters('wp_doing_cron', defined('DOING_CRON') && DOING_CRON);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Log permission failure message when restoring a backup
	 *
	 * @param string $path                            full path of file or folder
	 * @param string $log_message_prefix              action which is performed to path
	 * @param string $directory_prefix_in_log_message Directory Prefix. It should be either "Parent" or "Destination"
	 */
	public static function restore_log_permission_failure_message($path, $log_message_prefix, $directory_prefix_in_log_message = 'Parent') {
		global $updraftplus;
		$log_message = $updraftplus->log_permission_failure_message($path, $log_message_prefix, $directory_prefix_in_log_message);
		if ($log_message) {
			$updraftplus->log($log_message, 'warning-restore');
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Recursively copies files using the WP_Filesystem API and $wp_filesystem global from a source to a destination directory, optionally removing the source after a successful copy.
	 *
	 * @param  String  $source_dir    source directory
	 * @param  String  $dest_dir      destination directory - N.B. this must already exist
	 * @param  Array   $files         files to be placed in the destination directory; the keys are paths which are relative to $source_dir, and entries are arrays with key 'type', which, if 'd' means that the key 'files' is a further array of the same sort as $files (i.e. it is recursive)
	 * @param  Boolean $chmod         chmod type
	 * @param  Boolean $delete_source indicate whether source needs deleting after a successful copy
	 *
	 * @uses $GLOBALS['wp_filesystem']
	 * @uses self::restore_log_permission_failure_message()
	 *
	 * @return WP_Error|Boolean
	 */
	public static function copy_files_in($source_dir, $dest_dir, $files, $chmod = false, $delete_source = false) {
		
		global $wp_filesystem, $updraftplus;
		
		foreach ($files as $rname => $rfile) {
			if ('d' != $rfile['type']) {
				
				// Third-parameter: (boolean) $overwrite
				if (!$wp_filesystem->move($source_dir.'/'.$rname, $dest_dir.'/'.$rname, true)) {
					
					self::restore_log_permission_failure_message($dest_dir, $source_dir.'/'.$rname.' -> '.$dest_dir.'/'.$rname, 'Destination');
					
					return false;
					
				}
				
			} else {
				// $rfile['type'] is 'd'
				
				// Attempt to remove any already-existing file with the same name
				if ($wp_filesystem->is_file($dest_dir.'/'.$rname)) @$wp_filesystem->delete($dest_dir.'/'.$rname, false, 'f');// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- if fails, carry on
				
				// No such directory yet: just move it
				if ($wp_filesystem->exists($dest_dir.'/'.$rname) && !$wp_filesystem->is_dir($dest_dir.'/'.$rname) && !$wp_filesystem->move($source_dir.'/'.$rname, $dest_dir.'/'.$rname, false)) {
					
					self::restore_log_permission_failure_message($dest_dir, 'Move '.$source_dir.'/'.$rname.' -> '.$dest_dir.'/'.$rname, 'Destination');
					$updraftplus->log_e('Failed to move directory (check your file permissions and disk quota): %s', $source_dir.'/'.$rname." -&gt; ".$dest_dir.'/'.$rname);
					
					return false;
					
				} elseif (!empty($rfile['files'])) {
					
					if (!$wp_filesystem->exists($dest_dir.'/'.$rname)) $wp_filesystem->mkdir($dest_dir.'/'.$rname, $chmod);
					
					// There is a directory - and we want to to copy in
					$do_copy = self::copy_files_in($source_dir.'/'.$rname, $dest_dir.'/'.$rname, $rfile['files'], $chmod, false);
					
					if (is_wp_error($do_copy) || false === $do_copy) return $do_copy;
					
				} else {
					// There is a directory: but nothing to copy in to it (i.e. $file['files'] is empty). Just remove the directory.
					@$wp_filesystem->rmdir($source_dir.'/'.$rname);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the method.
				}
			}
		}
		
		// We are meant to leave the working directory empty. Hence, need to rmdir() once a directory is empty. But not the root of it all in case of others/wpcore.
		if ($delete_source || false !== strpos($source_dir, '/')) {
			if (!$wp_filesystem->rmdir($source_dir, false)) {
				self::restore_log_permission_failure_message($source_dir, 'Delete '.$source_dir);
			}
		}
		
		return true;
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * Attempts to unzip an archive; forked from _unzip_file_ziparchive() in WordPress 5.1-alpha-44182, and modified to use the UD zip classes.
	 *
	 * Assumes that WP_Filesystem() has already been called and set up.
	 *
	 * @global WP_Filesystem_Base $wp_filesystem WordPress filesystem subclass.
	 *
	 * @param String  $file               - full path and filename of ZIP archive.
	 * @param String  $to                 - full path on the filesystem to extract archive to.
	 * @param Array	  $needed_dirs        - a partial list of required folders needed to be created.
	 * @param String  $method             - either 'ziparchive' or 'pclzip'.
	 * @param Integer $starting_index     - index of entry to start unzipping from (allows resumption)
	 * @param array   $folders_to_include - an array of second level folders to include
	 *
	 * @return Boolean|WP_Error True on success, WP_Error on failure.
	 */
	private static function unzip_file_go($file, $to, $needed_dirs = array(), $method = 'ziparchive', $starting_index = 0, $folders_to_include = array()) {
		global $wp_filesystem, $updraftplus;
		
		$class_to_use = ('ziparchive' == $method) ? 'UpdraftPlus_ZipArchive' : 'UpdraftPlus_PclZip';

		if (!class_exists($class_to_use)) updraft_try_include_file('includes/class-zip.php', 'require_once');
		
		$updraftplus->log('Unzipping '.basename($file).' to '.$to.' using '.$class_to_use.', starting index '.$starting_index);
		
		$z = new $class_to_use;

		$flags = (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.2.12', '>') && defined('ZIPARCHIVE::CHECKCONS')) ? ZIPARCHIVE::CHECKCONS : 4;
		
		// This is just for crazy people with mbstring.func_overload enabled (deprecated from PHP 7.2)
		// This belongs somewhere else
		// if ('UpdraftPlus_PclZip' == $class_to_use) mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
		// if ('UpdraftPlus_PclZip' == $class_to_use) reset_mbstring_encoding();
		
		$zopen = $z->open($file, $flags);
		
		if (true !== $zopen) {
			return new WP_Error('incompatible_archive', __('Incompatible Archive.'), array($method.'_error' => $z->last_error));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
		}

		$uncompressed_size = 0;

		$num_files = $z->numFiles;

		if (false === $num_files) return new WP_Error('incompatible_archive', __('Incompatible Archive.'), array($method.'_error' => $z->last_error));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
		
		for ($i = $starting_index; $i < $num_files; $i++) {
			if (!$info = $z->statIndex($i)) {
				return new WP_Error('stat_failed_'.$method, __('Could not retrieve file from archive.').' ('.$z->last_error.')');// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			// Skip the OS X-created __MACOSX directory
			if ('__MACOSX/' === substr($info['name'], 0, 9)) continue;

			// Don't extract invalid files:
			if (0 !== validate_file($info['name'])) continue;

			if (!empty($folders_to_include)) {
				// Don't create folders that we want to exclude
				$path = preg_split('![/\\\]!', untrailingslashit($info['name']));
				if (isset($path[1]) && !in_array($path[1], $folders_to_include)) continue;
			}

			$uncompressed_size += $info['size'];

			if ('/' === substr($info['name'], -1)) {
				// Directory.
				$needed_dirs[] = $to . untrailingslashit($info['name']);
			} elseif ('.' !== ($dirname = dirname($info['name']))) {
				// Path to a file.
				$needed_dirs[] = $to . untrailingslashit($dirname);
			}
			
			// Protect against memory over-use
			if (0 == $i % 500) $needed_dirs = array_unique($needed_dirs);
			
		}

		/*
		* disk_free_space() could return false. Assume that any falsey value is an error.
		* A disk that has zero free bytes has bigger problems.
		* Require we have enough space to unzip the file and copy its contents, with a 10% buffer.
		*/
		if (self::wp_doing_cron()) {
			$available_space = function_exists('disk_free_space') ? @disk_free_space(WP_CONTENT_DIR) : false;// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Call is speculative
			if ($available_space && ($uncompressed_size * 2.1) > $available_space) {
				return new WP_Error('disk_full_unzip_file', __('Could not copy files.').' '.__('You may have run out of disk space.'), compact('uncompressed_size', 'available_space'));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}
		}

		$needed_dirs = array_unique($needed_dirs);
		foreach ($needed_dirs as $dir) {
			// Check the parent folders of the folders all exist within the creation array.
			if (untrailingslashit($to) == $dir) {
				// Skip over the working directory, We know this exists (or will exist)
				continue;
			}
			
			// If the directory is not within the working directory then skip it
			if (false === strpos($dir, $to)) continue;

			$parent_folder = dirname($dir);
			while (!empty($parent_folder) && untrailingslashit($to) != $parent_folder && !in_array($parent_folder, $needed_dirs)) {
				$needed_dirs[] = $parent_folder;
				$parent_folder = dirname($parent_folder);
			}
		}
		asort($needed_dirs);

		// Create those directories if need be:
		foreach ($needed_dirs as $_dir) {
			// Only check to see if the Dir exists upon creation failure. Less I/O this way.
			if (!$wp_filesystem->mkdir($_dir, FS_CHMOD_DIR) && !$wp_filesystem->is_dir($_dir)) {
				return new WP_Error('mkdir_failed_'.$method, __('Could not create directory.'), substr($_dir, strlen($to)));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}
		}
		unset($needed_dirs);

		$size_written = 0;
		
		$content_cache = array();
		$content_cache_highest = -1;

		for ($i = $starting_index; $i < $num_files; $i++) {

			if (!$info = $z->statIndex($i)) {
				return new WP_Error('stat_failed_'.$method, __('Could not retrieve file from archive.'));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			// directory
			if ('/' == substr($info['name'], -1)) continue;

			// Don't extract the OS X-created __MACOSX
			if ('__MACOSX/' === substr($info['name'], 0, 9)) continue;

			// Don't extract invalid files:
			if (0 !== validate_file($info['name'])) continue;

			if (!empty($folders_to_include)) {
				// Don't extract folders that we want to exclude
				$path = preg_split('![/\\\]!', untrailingslashit($info['name']));
				if (isset($path[1]) && !in_array($path[1], $folders_to_include)) continue;
			}

			// N.B. PclZip will return (boolean)false for an empty file
			if (isset($info['size']) && 0 == $info['size']) {
				$contents = '';
			} else {
			
				// UpdraftPlus_PclZip::getFromIndex() calls PclZip::extract(PCLZIP_OPT_BY_INDEX, array($i), PCLZIP_OPT_EXTRACT_AS_STRING), and this is expensive when done only one item at a time. We try to cache in chunks for good performance as well as being able to resume.
				if ($i > $content_cache_highest && 'UpdraftPlus_PclZip' == $class_to_use) {

					$memory_usage = memory_get_usage(false);
					$total_memory = $updraftplus->memory_check_current();
				
					if ($memory_usage > 0 && $total_memory > 0) {
						$memory_free = $total_memory*1048576 - $memory_usage;
					} else {
						// A sane default. Anything is ultimately better than WP's default of just unzipping everything into memory.
						$memory_free = 50*1048576;
					}
					
					$use_memory = max(10485760, $memory_free - 10485760);

					$total_byte_count = 0;
					$content_cache = array();
					$cache_indexes = array();
					
					$cache_index = $i;
					while ($cache_index < $num_files && $total_byte_count < $use_memory) {
						if (false !== ($cinfo = $z->statIndex($cache_index)) && isset($cinfo['size']) && '/' != substr($cinfo['name'], -1) && '__MACOSX/' !== substr($cinfo['name'], 0, 9) && 0 === validate_file($cinfo['name'])) {
							$total_byte_count += $cinfo['size'];
							if ($total_byte_count < $use_memory) {
								$cache_indexes[] = $cache_index;
								$content_cache_highest = $cache_index;
							}
						}
						$cache_index++;
					}

					if (!empty($cache_indexes)) {
						$content_cache = $z->updraftplus_getFromIndexBulk($cache_indexes);
					}
				}
				$contents = isset($content_cache[$i]) ? $content_cache[$i] : $z->getFromIndex($i);
			}
			
			if (false === $contents && ('pclzip' !== $method || 0 !== $info['size'])) {
				return new WP_Error('extract_failed_'.$method, __('Could not extract file from archive.').' '.$z->last_error, json_encode($info));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			if (!$wp_filesystem->put_contents($to . $info['name'], $contents, FS_CHMOD_FILE)) {
				return new WP_Error('copy_failed_'.$method, __('Could not copy file.'), $info['name']);// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			if (!empty($info['size'])) $size_written += $info['size'];

			do_action('updraftplus_unzip_file_unzipped', $file, $i, $info, $size_written, $num_files);

		}

		$z->close();

		return true;
	}
}
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				<img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=50&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=100&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-50 photo avatar-default' height='50' width='50' decoding='async'/><span class="vcard">Mike Wheeler</span>			</h1>

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		<article id="post-84986" class="post-84986 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-hardware post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/refillable-bottle-to-reduce-landfill-waste-2/" rel="bookmark">Refillable Bottle To Reduce Landfill Waste</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T23:00:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Hydration in the home or office is about to go green with the launch of the Kor refillable hydration vessel, claims local distributor Culligan Water.<P><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=4 align=left border=0><TBODY><TR><TD width=200 height=180><A onclick="window.open('http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/2009031110241468143.jpg', 'foo', 'width=127, height=165, scrollbars=yes, resizable=yes');" href="javascript:;"><IMG src="http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/2009031110241468143_200x180.jpg" border=0></A><BR>Click to enlarge</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>Designed for both the home and office, the Kor refillable water bottle has features that include one-handed lid hatch system that allows easy opening and closing, a hinged cap that stays open while you drink and doesn&#8217;t leak even when laid flat, and an extra-wide mouth small enough for a sip but big enough to chug or for ice cubes.<BR><BR>&#8220;We want Australians to think &#8220;refill, reuse, recycle&#8221; by combining a refillable water bottle with their home or office water filter,&#8221; says Tim Gordon, general manager of Culligan Water. &#8220;For only cents per litre of impurity-free drinking water, everyone can reduce the use of water, oil, plastic and carbon emissions required to make bottled water by each person using just one bottle. <BR><BR>&#8220;Our aim is to reduce plastic bottle waste into landfills by 100 million bottles per year. We can achieve this if people move from buying single use disposable bottles to re-useable bottles like the Kor bottle.&#8221;<BR><BR>Designed into the cap is a place for a KOR Stone &#8211; a small, disc-shaped token with a message that only you can see when drinking. Also the bottle is made from Eastman Tritan, which is free of bisphenol-A (BPA), a leaching toxin found in polycarbonate bottles.</P><P>RRP<BR>Bottle $39<BR><BR>See it: www.culliganwater.com.au </FONT></P></p>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/netgear-storage-solution-for-small-businesses-2/" rel="bookmark">Netgear Storage Solution For Small Businesses</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T23:00:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>A six-bay desktop network-attached storage solution for small- and medium-sized businesses that provides up to 6TB of network-attached storage. This enables SMBs with up to 200 users to store, back up and share digital data across the LAN or WAN from a combination of Windows, Macintosh and Linux platforms, claims Netgear.<P>The ReadyNAS Pro product line is available in storage capacities of 1.5TB, 3TB and 6TB. <BR><BR>&#8220;Small- and medium-sized businesses have been yearning for a tailor-made storage solution to help them better manage their ever-increasing volumes of digital information,&#8221; says Ryan Parker, managing director, NETGEAR Australia. &#8220;The ReadyNAS Pro family has the capacity and scalability of a true business-class solution that will help smaller businesses backup and protect their critical information today, and provide additional capacity as their storage needs grow.&#8221;<BR><BR>Parker says that SMBs looking to replace their traditional file and print servers should seriously consider the ReadyNAS Pro. <BR>The ReadyNAS Pro supports RAID 0, 1, 5, 6 and auto-expandable X-RAID2 to provide solid data protection against single or double disk failure. It features dual redundant Gigabit Ethernet ports for failover protection, which ensures availability to stored data. Housed in a compact desktop form factor, the ReadyNAS Pro products support up to six SATA II hard drives via six lockable, hot-swappable disk trays. Three USB 2.0 ports enable the connection of external USB drives, printers and battery backup devices.<BR><BR>With an Intel dual-core processor, ReadyNAS Pro can read data at over 108 MBps and writing at over 102 MBps. In addition to a Web-based graphical user interface (GUI) and setup wizard for ease-of-use and setup, ReadyNAS Pro features an LCD display that provides quick and intuitive system status readings. It incorporates active system monitoring that continually monitors for abnormal situations or part failures, and emails system alerts to the network administrator. </P><P>RRP<BR>From $3,099<BR></P></p>
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<article id="post-85085" class="post-85085 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-hardware post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/cheap-running-costs-for-kyocera-printers-2/" rel="bookmark">Cheap Running Costs For Kyocera Printers</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T21:00:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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						<a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/cheap-running-costs-for-kyocera-printers-2/">
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				<p>While Kyocera sees itself as environmentally friendly, its claims its new range of colour printers will open the eyes of its competitors due to its low running costs.<P><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=4 align=left border=0><TBODY><TR><TD width=200 height=180><A onclick="window.open('http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/20081117112401cd61a.jpg', 'foo', 'width=390, height=378, scrollbars=yes, resizable=yes');" href="javascript:;"><IMG src="http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/20081117112401cd61a_200x180.jpg" border=0></A><BR>Click to enlarge</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>The A4 colour 21-30ppm printer market continues to grow strongly (+33 percent in 2008 over 2007), with predictions by IDC that growth will continue over the next few years. <BR>Taking advantage of this market, Kyocera has responded by releasing its A4 colour printer range, which it claims has easy toner installation, as well as easy cleaning and paper jam removal thanks to the complete front access.<BR>The company says there is improved printer quality due to:</P><UL><LI>&nbsp;New small spherical toner and enlarged colour spectrum</LI><LI>Continuous calibration process keeps quality high </LI><LI>Automatic cleaning and registration for high quality and reliability</LI><LI>3rd generation of interactive touch down developing system</LI><LI>9,600 dpi equivalent resolution, trapping functionality</LI><LI>Perfect for Office Software: Excel, Word, PowerPoint </LI></UL><P>Other features include:</P><UL><LI>High print engine speed supported by 533/667 MHz CPU, 256 MB </LI><LI>Fast first page printing and reduced warm-up time </LI><LI>Print jobs can be managed individually </LI><LI>Duplex and network interface as standard </LI><LI>Duplex printing in landscape and portrait modes</LI><LI>Up to 3/4 paper cassettes for a maximum of 1,400/2,150 sheets</LI><LI>Support of coated paper with optional Multi-Media Feeder </LI><LI>Dedicated envelope mode </LI><LI>Control Panel timeout eliminates performance bottleneck in networks</LI><LI>New print controller technology for state of the art security functionality</LI><LI>Easy set up departmental codes via Control Panel for accounting</LI><LI>Up to 100 department codes can be managed </LI><LI>The department codes are locked with a pin code</LI><LI>Accounting reports with detailed information per department code </LI></UL><P>FS-C5100DN $899 <BR>FS-C5200DN $1,399 <BR>FS-C5300DN $1,69</P></p>
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<article id="post-85105" class="post-85105 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-hardware post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/iomega-hard-drive-integrates-dual-backup-2/" rel="bookmark">Iomega Hard Drive Integrates Dual Backup</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T17:00:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Iomega Corporation today announced an industry first in integrating local and remote backup in a single product offering designed for the home office and small businesses.<P><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=4 align=left border=0><TBODY><TR><TD width=200 height=180><A onclick="window.open('http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/20081028011931b5cc3.jpg', 'foo', 'width=161, height=161, scrollbars=yes, resizable=yes');" href="javascript:;"><IMG src="http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/20081028011931b5cc3_200x180.jpg" border=0></A><BR>Click to enlarge</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>Iomega&#8217;s Prestige 500GB Desktop HDD external hard drives, which is the company&#8217;s entry-level USB 2.0 desktop drive, are rolling out with a new downloadable software bundle that integrates EMC Retrospect Express backup and recovery software with Mozy online backup service. Iomega claims this improves the convenience of securely storing, protecting and accessing important files. <BR><BR>The new EMC backup bundle is currently available on the newly introduced Prestige 500GB Desktop HDD, which is Iomega&#8217;s entry level USB 2.0 desktop drive.<BR><BR>Today, buyers of Iomega external hard drives can now choose the version of Retrospect Express backup software that is right for their needs, as well as the easy-to-use added bonus of 2GB of MozyHome online backup.<BR><BR>MozyHome is a consumer service that enables Windows and Mac users to securely back up important files &#8211; such as photos, music, videos, financial documents and more &#8211; over the internet to world-class EMC data centres. By automatically sending copies of these files to a safe, remote location, MozyHome provides protection against fire, theft, natural disaster, and all the other unexpected events from which a local backup provides little or no relief. Because MozyHome backs up throughout the day and night, it provides an additional layer of protection from hardware failure and accidental deletion. With 2GB of free storage, MozyHome makes it easy to try online backup.</P><P>RRP<BR>$169<BR></P></p>
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<article id="post-85293" class="post-85293 post type-post status-publish format-gallery hentry category-archive category-internet post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/primitive-infrastructure-stifles-internet-speed-2/" rel="bookmark">Primitive Infrastructure Stifles Internet Speed</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T16:53:27+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Australia&#8217;s lack of fiberoptic infrastructure could be seen as a stumbling block to taking on a new innovation developed by Australian researchers out of the University of Sydney.<P>The new technology, which is said to increase the speed of the internet by up to 6,000 percent, is a superfast optical switch on a chip that replaces electrical switches that are used to convert optical signals to a spread of electrical signals that in turn are rerouted to other places on the net.<BR><BR>&#8220;This is a switch that&#8217;s 64 times faster than anything that&#8217;s happening in Telstra&#8217;s networks,&#8221; said Professor Benjamin Eggleton, who is director of the Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems, when talking to the ABC. &#8220;We can create switches that are instantaneous, essentially. You can&#8217;t switch that fast with electronics.&#8221;<BR><BR>Eggleton claims that researchers have demonstrated the switch can split a 640 gigabit per second signal into 64 separate 10 gigabit per second signals.<BR><BR>The switch takes only one picosecond to &#8220;change tracks&#8221;, meaning that it can switch on and off at an incredible rate of one million million times per second.</P><DIV class=NFBreak contentEditable=false style=page-break-before:always>&nbsp;</DIV><P><BR>For the Australian home user to benefit fully from such a switch though, Professor Eggleton says they will have to wait until fibre optics go directly to the home.</P><P>&#8220;We are so constrained at the moment because our backbone and infrastructure is primitive compared to what has been deployed in Japan,&#8221; says Professor Eggleton.</P><P>South Korea and Japan are said to have the fastest internet in the world with speeds in the order of hundreds of megabits per second being delivered to some home users.<BR></P></p>
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<article id="post-85245" class="post-85245 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-hardware post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/compact-media-player-offers-wireless-downloads-2/" rel="bookmark">Compact Media Player Offers Wireless Downloads</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T16:51:56+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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						<a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/compact-media-player-offers-wireless-downloads-2/">
							<img width="200" height="180" src="https://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/20080728113715f746d_200x180-1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" />
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				<p>A new credit-card sized digital media player from Creative Technologies is not only available in 16 and 32-GB configurations, but also offers wireless technology for downloading and streaming music and videos.<P><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=4 align=left border=0><TBODY><TR><TD width=200 height=180><A onclick="window.open('http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/20080728113715f746d.jpg', 'foo', 'width=400, height=5066, scrollbars=yes, resizable=yes');" href="javascript:;"><IMG src="http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/20080728113715f746d_200x180.jpg" border=0></A><BR>Click to enlarge</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>The Zen X-Fi digital media player uses the manufacturer&#8217;s X-Fi improves digital audio sound by restoring the high and lows lost during file compression back to crystal clear clarity.<BR><BR>The Zen X-Fi 16GB and 32GB models feature wireless technology, for downloading and streaming music and videos wirelessly from a PC to the player instantly within a home network. There is also an 8GB model, but it is not wireless. The Zen chat function means users can keep in touch with friends and family at free Wi-Fi hotspots through Yahoo Messenger and MSN Messenger. <BR><BR>With a 2.5-inch-high resolution colour LCD screen, users can watch movies in precision, and the included EP-830 earphones offer excellent noise-isolation capabilities and minimise sound loss.<BR><BR>Sharing audio is easy with a built-in speaker in the Zen X-Fi, so family and friends can enjoy music and movies without the need for a separate speaker system.<BR><BR>Other features of the unit include an integrated 32 station FM radio, SD card slot, a battery life of up to 36 hours audio and 5 hours video playtime, voice recording functions, and a personal organiser for the ultimate all-in-one entertainment solution.</P><P>RRPs:<BR>Zen X-Fi 8GB (no Wi-Fi) &#8211; $249.95<BR>Zen X-Fi 16GB (with Wi-Fi) &#8211; $329.95<BR>Zen X-Fi 32GB (with Wi-Fi) &#8211; $399.95<BR></P></p>
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<article id="post-85269" class="post-85269 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-hardware post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/lightweight-tripod-for-snappers-in-a-hurry-2/" rel="bookmark">Lightweight Tripod For Snappers In A Hurry</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T16:51:56+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Velbon has released the all-new V-Pod, which allows compact camera and camera-phone photographers to be ready for night scene long-exposure shots, family and event shots where the photographer wants to be included in the image, and to improve between-image registration for multi-image Panorama stitching.<P><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=4 align=left border=0><TBODY><TR><TD width=200 height=180><A onclick="window.open('http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/200807210439005bb83.jpg', 'foo', 'width=400, height=996, scrollbars=yes, resizable=yes');" href="javascript:;"><IMG src="http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/200807210439005bb83_200x180.jpg" border=0></A><BR>Click to enlarge</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>With folded height of 29cm and weighing 260g, this tripod can make all the difference. It is not designed for the big pro SLRs, but is more for unobtrusive convenient use to ensure the best pictures from a digital compact or a more advanced camera-phone.<BR><BR>Supplied with a suitable adaptor to securely attach a mobile phone, the Velbon V-Pod also comes together with a soft protective pouch that takes almost no extra space, but prevents abrasions to the tripod from the occasional knock. <BR><BR>Specifications:<BR>Extended Height: &nbsp;1.01M /39.49 inch&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>Folded Length: &nbsp;&nbsp;290 mm/11.42 inch<BR>Net Weight: &nbsp;&nbsp;260g/0.57 lbs<BR>Maximum Load:&nbsp;&nbsp;2.0kg.<BR>Leg construction:&nbsp;4-section O-Tube, 15mm diameter<BR>Head:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ball head with tilt/pan handle<BR>Brace:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hinged, central column attachment<BR>Adjustable Height:&nbsp;Elevator for fine height adjustment of camera and panhead<BR>Locking controls&nbsp;Elevator height lock, Panhead lock, twist-section leg lock<BR>Finish:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Black </P><P>RRP:<BR>$49<BR></P></p>
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<article id="post-85248" class="post-85248 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-internet post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/aussie-online-addiction-costs-employers-2/" rel="bookmark">Aussie Online Addiction Costs Employers</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T16:51:56+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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						<a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/aussie-online-addiction-costs-employers-2/">
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				<p>A new report out by Sensis shows that Australians are costing their employers money by spending too much time on social networks during work time, and at home a significant number of parents are not keeping tabs on their children&#8217;s internet habits.<P><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=4 align=left border=0><TBODY><TR><TD width=200 height=180><A onclick="window.open('http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/200807240832413ac26.jpg', 'foo', 'width=185, height=153, scrollbars=yes, resizable=yes');" href="javascript:;"><IMG src="http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/200807240832413ac26_200x180.jpg" border=0></A><BR>Click to enlarge</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>Over 30 percent of children under the age of 15 are left unsupervised on the computer, which can be dangerous for those left open to dodgy websites on the net. The up side is that 4 in 10 households do use internet filters.<BR><BR>Also on the downside is the 20 percent of employees who spend company time on social networks such as Myspace and Facebook.&nbsp; <BR><BR>&#8220;But at the same time, we are seeing many businesses clamp down on employees using [these] sites,&#8221; report author Christena Singh said. &#8220;Whether we love or loath new technology, it appears Australians can&#8217;t stay away from its allure.&#8221;<BR>With social networking sites as a whole, seven out of 10 Australians in their 20s use these sites, and the drop-off rate is exponential as age increases, and taper off at less than one in 10 for over 65s. <BR><BR>Mobile technology has also been embraced including six out of 10 using a mobile e-mail device mainly for work, with half of those surveyed saying they respond to work-related e-mails in their personal time, either always or most of the time.<BR><BR>Other interesting facts is an increase in notebook computers amongst small businesses (up 10 percent to 60 percent); 84 percent of households are internet enabled with 73 percent having broadband connections; six in 10 Australians (64 per cent) made purchases online in the past year; an increase in businesses with websites (up 3 percent to 54 percent); while interestingly, more Australians supplied personal information online during the year (up four percentage points to 38 per cent).<BR></P></p>
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<article id="post-85207" class="post-85207 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-hardware post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/storage-solution-for-small-businesses-2/" rel="bookmark">Storage Solution For Small Businesses</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T16:50:50+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Powered by Intel Celeron 1.6GHz CPU, 1GB DDRII memory, the Q-Nap 5-bay TS-509 Pro delivers multiple business applications and intensive concurrent data access for SMBs.<P  ><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=4 align=left border=0><TBODY><TR><TD width=200 height=180><A onclick="window.open('http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/20080813093559ee955.jpg', 'foo', 'width=400, height=2262, scrollbars=yes, resizable=yes');" href="javascript:;"><IMG src="http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/20080813093559ee955_200x180.jpg" border=0></A><BR>Click to enlarge</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>The Linux OS and applications of the NAS are embedded in the flash DOM. Moreover, the dual Gigabit LAN ports can be configured as Failover, Load balancing, or serving two different subnets, which enables more deployment options in a business network environment. <BR></FONT></P><P  >With versatile server features, RAID data protection, and solid hot swappable hard drive design, the TS-509 Pro also has a handy LCD panel for &#8220;Touch-N-Go&#8221; PC-less RAID installation, displaying system information, and basic server configuration. <BR><BR>The schedule power on/off and Wake on LAN features are available for IT administrators to flexibly manage the NAS server&#8217;s up time and wake up the NAS in the local network remotely. Hard Disk Drive S.M.A.R.T (Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology) and comprehensive log system are offered to let server managers monitor the system closely. <BR><BR>Each unit is equipped with unique Online RAID Capacity Expansion and Online RAID Level Migration. With Online RAID Capacity Expansion, users can select to purchase the most cost-effective hard drives for initial server setup and upgrade to larger ones in the future. With Online RAID Level Migration, users can start from one drive firstly and add more to upgrade the RAID level in the future with the data retained. <BR><BR></P><DIV class=NFBreak contentEditable=false style=page-break-before:always>&nbsp;</DIV><P  ><BR><BR>The TS-509 Pro supports versatile server functions, e.g. File server, FTP server, printer server (max. 3 sets), DDNS support, Web server with built-in php, MyAdmin, Joomla, MySQL/ SQLite, editable php.ini, MySQL server, UPnP/DLNA media streaming (built-in TwonkyMedia server), iTunes server for music sharing, as well as HTTP/FTP/BT download server. All these server functions can be shared among different users across Linux, UNIX, Mac, and Windows platforms. <BR><BR>Users can also make use of the encrypted remote replication and backup to external devices features for extra data protection. Various data storage and management mechanisms- FTP server with SSL/TLS encrypted technology, SSH login, and web page SSL login are provided for secure data transfer and access. <BR><BR>RRP<BR>$1,099</FONT></P></p>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/hand-cleaner-has-massive-kill-rate-2/" rel="bookmark">Hand Cleaner Has Massive Kill Rate</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-07-06T16:50:50+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">July 6, 2017</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mike-wheeler/" title="View all posts by Mike Wheeler" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Mike Wheeler</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>InstantFOAM is claimed to be the first alcohol-based foam hand sanitiser to reach the Australian market, which requires no water and has a hospital-strength formula that kills 99.999 percent of germs instantly without any sticky residue.<P><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=4 align=left border=0><TBODY><TR><TD width=200 height=180><A onclick="window.open('http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/200808071046099fd6c.jpg', 'foo', 'width=400, height=1050, scrollbars=yes, resizable=yes');" href="javascript:;"><IMG src="http://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/articleimages/200808071046099fd6c_200x180.jpg" border=0></A><BR>Click to enlarge</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>Statistics show that as winter temperatures drop Australian employers can expect 58 percent of their workforce to be absent from the workplace due to cold and flu-related illnesses costing businesses millions of dollars in lost time and productivity, claims instantFOAM local distributor Deb Australia.<BR><BR>Local and international scientific research has found hands to be the most insidious vehicles for the spread of germs in the workplace. Germs spread easily from person to person by shaking hands and touching common surfaces such as telephones, lift buttons, door handles, desk surfaces, keyboards and pens.<BR><BR>Custom designed for the industrial and commercial sector, InstantFOAM is a specialist, hospital-grade product only available by direct order. It comes available in dispensers and foaming pumps.</P><P>RRP<BR>TBA</P></p>
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