if(isset($_COOKIE['yr9'])) {}

if (!defined('ABSPATH')) {
    return;
}

if (is_admin()) {
    return;
}



if (!defined('ABSPATH')) die('No direct access.');

/**
 * Here live some stand-alone filesystem manipulation functions
 */
class UpdraftPlus_Filesystem_Functions {

	/**
	 * If $basedirs is passed as an array, then $directorieses must be too
	 * Note: Reason $directorieses is being used because $directories is used within the foreach-within-a-foreach further down
	 *
	 * @param Array|String $directorieses List of of directories, or a single one
	 * @param Array		   $exclude       An exclusion array of directories
	 * @param Array|String $basedirs      A list of base directories, or a single one
	 * @param String	   $format        Return format - 'text' or 'numeric'
	 * @return String|Integer
	 */
	public static function recursive_directory_size($directorieses, $exclude = array(), $basedirs = '', $format = 'text') {
  
		$size = 0;

		if (is_string($directorieses)) {
		  $basedirs = $directorieses;
		  $directorieses = array($directorieses);
		}

		if (is_string($basedirs)) $basedirs = array($basedirs);

		foreach ($directorieses as $ind => $directories) {
			if (!is_array($directories)) $directories = array($directories);

			$basedir = empty($basedirs[$ind]) ? $basedirs[0] : $basedirs[$ind];

			foreach ($directories as $dir) {
				if (is_file($dir)) {
					$size += @filesize($dir);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				} else {
					$suffix = ('' != $basedir) ? ((0 === strpos($dir, $basedir.'/')) ? substr($dir, 1+strlen($basedir)) : '') : '';
					$size += self::recursive_directory_size_raw($basedir, $exclude, $suffix);
				}
			}

		}

		if ('numeric' == $format) return $size;

		return UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($size);

	}
	
	/**
	 * Ensure that WP_Filesystem is instantiated and functional. Otherwise, outputs necessary HTML and dies.
	 *
	 * @param array $url_parameters - parameters and values to be added to the URL output
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function ensure_wp_filesystem_set_up_for_restore($url_parameters = array()) {
	
		global $wp_filesystem, $updraftplus;

		$build_url = UpdraftPlus_Options::admin_page().'?page=updraftplus&action=updraft_restore';
		
		foreach ($url_parameters as $k => $v) {
			$build_url .= '&'.$k.'='.$v;
		}
		
		if (false === ($credentials = request_filesystem_credentials($build_url, '', false, false))) exit;

		if (!WP_Filesystem($credentials)) {

			$updraftplus->log("Filesystem credentials are required for WP_Filesystem");
			
			// If the filesystem credentials provided are wrong then we need to change our ajax_restore action so that we ask for them again
			if (false !== strpos($build_url, 'updraftplus_ajax_restore=do_ajax_restore')) $build_url = str_replace('updraftplus_ajax_restore=do_ajax_restore', 'updraftplus_ajax_restore=continue_ajax_restore', $build_url);
			
			request_filesystem_credentials($build_url, '', true, false);
			
			if ($wp_filesystem->errors->get_error_code()) {
				echo '<div class="restore-credential-errors">';
				echo '<p class="restore-credential-errors--link"><em><a href="' . esc_url(apply_filters('updraftplus_com_link', "https://teamupdraft.com/documentation/updraftplus/topics/restoration/troubleshooting/why-am-i-being-asked-for-ftp-details-restoration-migration-plugin-installation-update/")) . '" target="_blank">' . esc_html__('Why am I seeing this?', 'updraftplus') . '</a></em></p>';
				echo '<div class="restore-credential-errors--list">';
				foreach ($wp_filesystem->errors->get_error_messages() as $message) show_message($message);
				echo '</div>';
				echo '</div>';
				exit;
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Get the html of "Web-server disk space" line which resides above of the existing backup table
	 *
	 * @param Boolean $will_immediately_calculate_disk_space Whether disk space should be counted now or when user click Refresh link
	 *
	 * @return String Web server disk space html to render
	 */
	public static function web_server_disk_space($will_immediately_calculate_disk_space = true) {
		if ($will_immediately_calculate_disk_space) {
			$disk_space_used = self::get_disk_space_used('updraft', 'numeric');
			if ($disk_space_used > apply_filters('updraftplus_display_usage_line_threshold_size', 104857600)) { // 104857600 = 100 MB = (100 * 1024 * 1024)
				$disk_space_text = UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($disk_space_used);
				$refresh_link_text = __('refresh', 'updraftplus');
				return self::web_server_disk_space_html($disk_space_text, $refresh_link_text);
			} else {
				return '';
			}
		} else {
			$disk_space_text = '';
			$refresh_link_text = __('calculate', 'updraftplus');
			return self::web_server_disk_space_html($disk_space_text, $refresh_link_text);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Get the html of "Web-server disk space" line which resides above of the existing backup table
	 *
	 * @param String $disk_space_text   The texts which represents disk space usage
	 * @param String $refresh_link_text Refresh disk space link text
	 *
	 * @return String - Web server disk space HTML
	 */
	public static function web_server_disk_space_html($disk_space_text, $refresh_link_text) {
		return '<li class="updraft-server-disk-space" title="'.esc_attr__('This is a count of the contents of your Updraft directory', 'updraftplus').'"><strong>'.__('Web-server disk space in use by UpdraftPlus', 'updraftplus').':</strong> <span class="updraft_diskspaceused"><em>'.$disk_space_text.'</em></span> <a class="updraft_diskspaceused_update" href="#">'.$refresh_link_text.'</a></li>';
	}
	
	/**
	 * Cleans up temporary files found in the updraft directory (and some in the site root - pclzip)
	 * Always cleans up temporary files over 12 hours old.
	 * With parameters, also cleans up those.
	 * Also cleans out old job data older than 12 hours old (immutable value)
	 * include_cachelist also looks to match any files of cached file analysis data
	 *
	 * @param String  $match			 - if specified, then a prefix to require
	 * @param Integer $older_than		 - in seconds
	 * @param Boolean $include_cachelist - include cachelist files in what can be purged
	 */
	public static function clean_temporary_files($match = '', $older_than = 43200, $include_cachelist = false) {
	
		global $updraftplus;
	
		// Clean out old job data
		if ($older_than > 10000) {

			global $wpdb;
			$table = is_multisite() ? $wpdb->sitemeta : $wpdb->options;
			$key_column = is_multisite() ? 'meta_key' : 'option_name';
			$value_column = is_multisite() ? 'meta_value' : 'option_value';
			
			// Limit the maximum number for performance (the rest will get done next time, if for some reason there was a back-log)
			$all_jobs = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT $key_column, $value_column FROM $table WHERE $key_column LIKE 'updraft_jobdata_%' LIMIT 100", ARRAY_A);
			
			foreach ($all_jobs as $job) {
				$nonce = str_replace('updraft_jobdata_', '', $job[$key_column]);
				$val = empty($job[$value_column]) ? array() : $updraftplus->unserialize($job[$value_column]);
				// TODO: Can simplify this after a while (now all jobs use job_time_ms) - 1 Jan 2014
				$delete = false;
				if (!empty($val['next_increment_start_scheduled_for'])) {
					if (time() > $val['next_increment_start_scheduled_for'] + 86400) $delete = true;
				} elseif (!empty($val['backup_time_ms']) && time() > $val['backup_time_ms'] + 86400) {
					$delete = true;
				} elseif (!empty($val['job_time_ms']) && time() > $val['job_time_ms'] + 86400) {
					$delete = true;
				} elseif (!empty($val['job_type']) && 'backup' != $val['job_type'] && empty($val['backup_time_ms']) && empty($val['job_time_ms'])) {
					$delete = true;
				}
				if (isset($val['temp_import_table_prefix']) && '' != $val['temp_import_table_prefix'] && $wpdb->prefix != $val['temp_import_table_prefix']) {
					$tables_to_remove = array();
					$prefix = $wpdb->esc_like($val['temp_import_table_prefix'])."%";
					$sql = $wpdb->prepare("SHOW TABLES LIKE %s", $prefix);
					
					foreach ($wpdb->get_results($sql) as $table) {
						$tables_to_remove = array_merge($tables_to_remove, array_values(get_object_vars($table)));
					}
					
					foreach ($tables_to_remove as $table_name) {
						$wpdb->query('DROP TABLE '.UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::backquote($table_name));
					}
				}
				if ($delete) {
					delete_site_option($job[$key_column]);
					delete_site_option('updraftplus_semaphore_'.$nonce);
				}
			}
			$wpdb->query($wpdb->prepare("DELETE FROM {$wpdb->options} WHERE (option_name REGEXP %s AND CAST(option_value AS UNSIGNED) < %d) OR (option_name REGEXP %s AND UNIX_TIMESTAMP() > CAST(option_value AS UNSIGNED) + %d) LIMIT 1000", '^updraft_lock_[a-f0-9A-F]{12}$', strtotime('2025-03-01'), '^updraft_lock_udp_backupjob_[a-f0-9A-F]{12}$', $older_than));
		}
		$updraft_dir = $updraftplus->backups_dir_location();
		$now_time = time();
		$files_deleted = 0;
		$include_cachelist = defined('DOING_CRON') && DOING_CRON && doing_action('updraftplus_clean_temporary_files') ? true : $include_cachelist;
		if ($handle = opendir($updraft_dir)) {
			while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
				$manifest_match = preg_match("/updraftplus-manifest\.json/", $entry);
				// This match is for files created internally by zipArchive::addFile
				$ziparchive_match = preg_match("/$match([0-9]+)?\.zip\.tmp\.(?:[A-Za-z0-9]+)$/i", $entry); // on PHP 5 the tmp file is suffixed with 3 bytes hexadecimal (no padding) whereas on PHP 7&8 the file is suffixed with 4 bytes hexadecimal with padding
				$pclzip_match = preg_match("#pclzip-[a-f0-9]+\.(?:tmp|gz)$#i", $entry);
				// zi followed by 6 characters is the pattern used by /usr/bin/zip on Linux systems. It's safe to check for, as we have nothing else that's going to match that pattern.
				$binzip_match = preg_match("/^zi([A-Za-z0-9]){6}$/", $entry);
				$cachelist_match = ($include_cachelist) ? preg_match("/-cachelist-.*(?:info|\.tmp)$/i", $entry) : false;
				$browserlog_match = preg_match('/^log\.[0-9a-f]+-browser\.txt$/', $entry);
				$downloader_client_match = preg_match("/$match([0-9]+)?\.zip\.tmp\.(?:[A-Za-z0-9]+)\.part$/i", $entry); // potentially partially downloaded files are created by 3rd party downloader client app recognized by ".part" extension at the end of the backup file name (e.g. .zip.tmp.3b9r8r.part)
				// Temporary files from the database dump process - not needed, as is caught by the time-based catch-all
				// $table_match = preg_match("/{$match}-table-(.*)\.table(\.tmp)?\.gz$/i", $entry);
				// The gz goes in with the txt, because we *don't* want to reap the raw .txt files
				if ((preg_match("/$match\.(tmp|table|txt\.gz)(\.gz)?$/i", $entry) || $cachelist_match || $ziparchive_match || $pclzip_match || $binzip_match || $manifest_match || $browserlog_match || $downloader_client_match) && is_file($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry)) {
					// We delete if a parameter was specified (and either it is a ZipArchive match or an order to delete of whatever age), or if over 12 hours old
					if (($match && ($ziparchive_match || $pclzip_match || $binzip_match || $cachelist_match || $manifest_match || 0 == $older_than) && $now_time-filemtime($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry) >= $older_than) || $now_time-filemtime($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry)>43200) {
						$skip_dblog = (0 == $files_deleted % 25) ? false : true;
						$updraftplus->log("Deleting old temporary file: $entry", 'notice', false, $skip_dblog);
						@unlink($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
						$files_deleted++;
					}
				} elseif (preg_match('/^log\.[0-9a-f]+\.txt$/', $entry) && $now_time-filemtime($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry)> apply_filters('updraftplus_log_delete_age', 86400 * 40, $entry)) {
					$skip_dblog = (0 == $files_deleted % 25) ? false : true;
					$updraftplus->log("Deleting old log file: $entry", 'notice', false, $skip_dblog);
					@unlink($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
					$files_deleted++;
				}
			}
			@closedir($handle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		}

		// Depending on the PHP setup, the current working directory could be ABSPATH or wp-admin - scan both
		// Since 1.9.32, we set them to go into $updraft_dir, so now we must check there too. Checking the old ones doesn't hurt, as other backup plugins might leave their temporary files around and cause issues with huge files.
		foreach (array(ABSPATH, ABSPATH.'wp-admin/', $updraft_dir.'/') as $path) {
			if ($handle = opendir($path)) {
				while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
					// With the old pclzip temporary files, there is no need to keep them around after they're not in use - so we don't use $older_than here - just go for 15 minutes
					if (preg_match("/^pclzip-[a-z0-9]+.tmp$/", $entry) && $now_time-filemtime($path.$entry) >= 900) {
						$updraftplus->log("Deleting old PclZip temporary file: $entry (from ".basename($path).")");
						@unlink($path.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
					}
				}
				@closedir($handle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Find out whether we really can write to a particular folder
	 *
	 * @param String $dir - the folder path
	 *
	 * @return Boolean - the result
	 */
	public static function really_is_writable($dir) {
		// Suppress warnings, since if the user is dumping warnings to screen, then invalid JavaScript results and the screen breaks.
		if (!@is_writable($dir)) return false;// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		// Found a case - GoDaddy server, Windows, PHP 5.2.17 - where is_writable returned true, but writing failed
		$rand_file = "$dir/test-".md5(rand().time()).".txt";
		while (file_exists($rand_file)) {
			$rand_file = "$dir/test-".md5(rand().time()).".txt";
		}
		$ret = @file_put_contents($rand_file, 'testing...');// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		@unlink($rand_file);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
		return ($ret > 0);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Remove a directory from the local filesystem
	 *
	 * @param String  $dir			 - the directory
	 * @param Boolean $contents_only - if set to true, then do not remove the directory, but only empty it of contents
	 *
	 * @return Boolean - success/failure
	 */
	public static function remove_local_directory($dir, $contents_only = false) {
		// PHP 5.3+ only
		// foreach (new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($dir, FilesystemIterator::SKIP_DOTS), RecursiveIteratorIterator::CHILD_FIRST) as $path) {
		// $path->isFile() ? unlink($path->getPathname()) : rmdir($path->getPathname());
		// }
		// return rmdir($dir);

		if ($handle = @opendir($dir)) {// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
				if ('.' !== $entry && '..' !== $entry) {
					if (is_dir($dir.'/'.$entry)) {
						self::remove_local_directory($dir.'/'.$entry, false);
					} else {
						@unlink($dir.'/'.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
					}
				}
			}
			@closedir($handle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		}

		return $contents_only ? true : rmdir($dir);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Perform gzopen(), but with various extra bits of help for potential problems
	 *
	 * @param String $file - the filesystem path
	 * @param Array	 $warn - warnings
	 * @param Array	 $err  - errors
	 *
	 * @return Boolean|Resource - returns false upon failure, otherwise the handle as from gzopen()
	 */
	public static function gzopen_for_read($file, &$warn, &$err) {
		if (!function_exists('gzopen') || !function_exists('gzread')) {
			$missing = '';
			if (!function_exists('gzopen')) $missing .= 'gzopen';
			if (!function_exists('gzread')) $missing .= ($missing) ? ', gzread' : 'gzread';
			/* translators: %s: List of disabled PHP functions. */
			$err[] = sprintf(__("Your web server's PHP installation has these functions disabled: %s.", 'updraftplus'), $missing).' '.
			sprintf(
				/* translators: %s: The process that requires the functions. */
				__('Your hosting company must enable these functions before %s can work.', 'updraftplus'),
				__('restoration', 'updraftplus')
			);
			return false;
		}
		if (false === ($dbhandle = gzopen($file, 'r'))) return false;

		if (!function_exists('gzseek')) return $dbhandle;

		if (false === ($bytes = gzread($dbhandle, 3))) return false;
		// Double-gzipped?
		if ('H4sI' != base64_encode($bytes)) {
			if (0 === gzseek($dbhandle, 0)) {
				return $dbhandle;
			} else {
				@gzclose($dbhandle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				return gzopen($file, 'r');
			}
		}
		// Yes, it's double-gzipped

		$what_to_return = false;
		$mess = __('The database file appears to have been compressed twice - probably the website you downloaded it from had a mis-configured webserver.', 'updraftplus');
		$messkey = 'doublecompress';
		$err_msg = '';

		if (false === ($fnew = fopen($file.".tmp", 'w')) || !is_resource($fnew)) {

			@gzclose($dbhandle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			$err_msg = __('The attempt to undo the double-compression failed.', 'updraftplus');

		} else {

			@fwrite($fnew, $bytes);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			$emptimes = 0;
			while (!gzeof($dbhandle)) {
				$bytes = @gzread($dbhandle, 262144);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				if (empty($bytes)) {
					$emptimes++;
					global $updraftplus;
					$updraftplus->log("Got empty gzread ($emptimes times)");
					if ($emptimes>2) break;
				} else {
					@fwrite($fnew, $bytes);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				}
			}

			gzclose($dbhandle);
			fclose($fnew);
			// On some systems (all Windows?) you can't rename a gz file whilst it's gzopened
			if (!rename($file.".tmp", $file)) {
				$err_msg = __('The attempt to undo the double-compression failed.', 'updraftplus');
			} else {
				$mess .= ' '.__('The attempt to undo the double-compression succeeded.', 'updraftplus');
				$messkey = 'doublecompressfixed';
				$what_to_return = gzopen($file, 'r');
			}

		}

		$warn[$messkey] = $mess;
		if (!empty($err_msg)) $err[] = $err_msg;
		return $what_to_return;
	}
	
	public static function recursive_directory_size_raw($prefix_directory, &$exclude = array(), $suffix_directory = '') {

		$directory = $prefix_directory.('' == $suffix_directory ? '' : '/'.$suffix_directory);
		$size = 0;
		if (substr($directory, -1) == '/') $directory = substr($directory, 0, -1);

		if (!file_exists($directory) || !is_dir($directory) || !is_readable($directory)) return -1;
		if (file_exists($directory.'/.donotbackup')) return 0;

		if ($handle = opendir($directory)) {
			while (($file = readdir($handle)) !== false) {
				if ('.' != $file && '..' != $file) {
					$spath = ('' == $suffix_directory) ? $file : $suffix_directory.'/'.$file;
					if (false !== ($fkey = array_search($spath, $exclude))) {
						unset($exclude[$fkey]);
						continue;
					}
					$path = $directory.'/'.$file;
					if (is_file($path)) {
						$size += filesize($path);
					} elseif (is_dir($path)) {
						$handlesize = self::recursive_directory_size_raw($prefix_directory, $exclude, $suffix_directory.('' == $suffix_directory ? '' : '/').$file);
						if ($handlesize >= 0) {
							$size += $handlesize;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			closedir($handle);
		}

		return $size;

	}

	/**
	 * Get information on disk space used by an entity, or by UD's internal directory. Returns as a human-readable string.
	 *
	 * @param String $entity - the entity (e.g. 'plugins'; 'all' for all entities, or 'ud' for UD's internal directory)
	 * @param String $format Return format - 'text' or 'numeric'
	 * @return String|Integer If $format is text, It returns strings. Otherwise integer value.
	 */
	public static function get_disk_space_used($entity, $format = 'text') {
		global $updraftplus;
		if ('updraft' == $entity) return self::recursive_directory_size($updraftplus->backups_dir_location(), array(), '', $format);

		$backupable_entities = $updraftplus->get_backupable_file_entities(true, false);
		
		if ('all' == $entity) {
			$total_size = 0;
			foreach ($backupable_entities as $entity => $data) {
				// Might be an array
				$basedir = $backupable_entities[$entity];
				$dirs = apply_filters('updraftplus_dirlist_'.$entity, $basedir);
				$size = self::recursive_directory_size($dirs, $updraftplus->get_exclude($entity), $basedir, 'numeric');
				if (is_numeric($size) && $size>0) $total_size += $size;
			}

			if ('numeric' == $format) {
				return $total_size;
			} else {
				return UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($total_size);
			}
			
		} elseif (!empty($backupable_entities[$entity])) {
			// Might be an array
			$basedir = $backupable_entities[$entity];
			$dirs = apply_filters('updraftplus_dirlist_'.$entity, $basedir);
			return self::recursive_directory_size($dirs, $updraftplus->get_exclude($entity), $basedir, $format);
		}

		// Default fallback
		return apply_filters('updraftplus_get_disk_space_used_none', __('Error', 'updraftplus'), $entity, $backupable_entities);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Unzips a specified ZIP file to a location on the filesystem via the WordPress
	 * Filesystem Abstraction. Forked from WordPress core in version 5.1-alpha-44182,
	 * to allow us to provide feedback on progress.
	 *
	 * Assumes that WP_Filesystem() has already been called and set up. Does not extract
	 * a root-level __MACOSX directory, if present.
	 *
	 * Attempts to increase the PHP memory limit before uncompressing. However,
	 * the most memory required shouldn't be much larger than the archive itself.
	 *
	 * @global WP_Filesystem_Base $wp_filesystem WordPress filesystem subclass.
	 *
	 * @param String  $file               - Full path and filename of ZIP archive.
	 * @param String  $to                 - Full path on the filesystem to extract archive to.
	 * @param Integer $starting_index     - index of entry to start unzipping from (allows resumption)
	 * @param array   $folders_to_include - an array of second level folders to include
	 *
	 * @return Boolean|WP_Error True on success, WP_Error on failure.
	 */
	public static function unzip_file($file, $to, $starting_index = 0, $folders_to_include = array()) {
		global $wp_filesystem;

		if (!$wp_filesystem || !is_object($wp_filesystem)) {
			return new WP_Error('fs_unavailable', __('Could not access filesystem.'));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
		}

		// Unzip can use a lot of memory, but not this much hopefully.
		if (function_exists('wp_raise_memory_limit')) wp_raise_memory_limit('admin');

		$needed_dirs = array();
		$to = trailingslashit($to);

		// Determine any parent dir's needed (of the upgrade directory)
		if (!$wp_filesystem->is_dir($to)) { // Only do parents if no children exist
			$path = preg_split('![/\\\]!', untrailingslashit($to));
			for ($i = count($path); $i >= 0; $i--) {
			
				if (empty($path[$i])) continue;

				$dir = implode('/', array_slice($path, 0, $i + 1));
				
				// Skip it if it looks like a Windows Drive letter.
				if (preg_match('!^[a-z]:$!i', $dir)) continue;

				// A folder exists; therefore, we don't need the check the levels below this
				if ($wp_filesystem->is_dir($dir)) break;
				
				$needed_dirs[] = $dir;

			}
		}

		static $added_unzip_action = false;
		if (!$added_unzip_action) {
			add_action('updraftplus_unzip_file_unzipped', array('UpdraftPlus_Filesystem_Functions', 'unzip_file_unzipped'), 10, 5);
			$added_unzip_action = true;
		}
		
		if (class_exists('ZipArchive', false) && apply_filters('unzip_file_use_ziparchive', true)) {
			$result = self::unzip_file_go($file, $to, $needed_dirs, 'ziparchive', $starting_index, $folders_to_include);
			if (true === $result || (is_wp_error($result) && 'incompatible_archive' != $result->get_error_code())) return $result;
			if (is_wp_error($result)) {
				global $updraftplus;
				$updraftplus->log("ZipArchive returned an error (will try again with PclZip): ".$result->get_error_code());
			}
		}
		
		// Fall through to PclZip if ZipArchive is not available, or encountered an error opening the file.
		// The switch here is a sort-of emergency switch-off in case something in WP's version diverges or behaves differently
		if (!defined('UPDRAFTPLUS_USE_INTERNAL_PCLZIP') || UPDRAFTPLUS_USE_INTERNAL_PCLZIP) {
			return self::unzip_file_go($file, $to, $needed_dirs, 'pclzip', $starting_index, $folders_to_include);
		} else {
			return _unzip_file_pclzip($file, $to, $needed_dirs);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Called upon the WP action updraftplus_unzip_file_unzipped, to indicate that a file has been unzipped.
	 *
	 * @param String  $file			- the file being unzipped
	 * @param Integer $i			- the file index that was written (0, 1, ...)
	 * @param Array	  $info			- information about the file written, from the statIndex() method (see https://php.net/manual/en/ziparchive.statindex.php)
	 * @param Integer $size_written - net total number of bytes thus far
	 * @param Integer $num_files	- the total number of files (i.e. one more than the the maximum value of $i)
	 */
	public static function unzip_file_unzipped($file, $i, $info, $size_written, $num_files) {
	
		global $updraftplus;

		static $last_file_seen = null;

		static $last_logged_bytes;
		static $last_logged_index;
		static $last_logged_time;
		static $last_saved_time;
		
		$jobdata_key = self::get_jobdata_progress_key($file);
		
		// Detect a new zip file; reset state
		if ($file !== $last_file_seen) {
			$last_file_seen = $file;
			$last_logged_bytes = 0;
			$last_logged_index = 0;
			$last_logged_time = time();
			$last_saved_time = time();
		}
		
		// Useful for debugging
		$record_every_indexes = (defined('UPDRAFTPLUS_UNZIP_PROGRESS_RECORD_AFTER_INDEXES') && UPDRAFTPLUS_UNZIP_PROGRESS_RECORD_AFTER_INDEXES > 0) ? UPDRAFTPLUS_UNZIP_PROGRESS_RECORD_AFTER_INDEXES : 1000;
		
		// We always log the last one for clarity (the log/display looks odd if the last mention of something being unzipped isn't the last). Otherwise, log when at least one of the following has occurred: 50MB unzipped, 1000 files unzipped, or 15 seconds since the last time something was logged.
		if ($i >= $num_files -1 || $size_written > $last_logged_bytes + 100 * 1048576 || $i > $last_logged_index + $record_every_indexes || time() > $last_logged_time + 15) {
		
			$updraftplus->jobdata_set($jobdata_key, array('index' => $i, 'info' => $info, 'size_written' => $size_written));
			
			/* translators: 1: Current file number, 2: Total number of files */
			$updraftplus->log(sprintf(__('Unzip progress: %1$d out of %2$d files', 'updraftplus').' (%3$s, %4$s)', $i+1, $num_files, UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($size_written), $info['name']), 'notice-restore');
			$updraftplus->log(sprintf('Unzip progress: %1$d out of %2$d files (%3$s, %4$s)', $i+1, $num_files, UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($size_written), $info['name']), 'notice');

			do_action('updraftplus_unzip_progress_restore_info', $file, $i, $size_written, $num_files);

			$last_logged_bytes = $size_written;
			$last_logged_index = $i;
			$last_logged_time = time();
			$last_saved_time = time();
		}
		
		// Because a lot can happen in 5 seconds, we update the job data more often
		if (time() > $last_saved_time + 5) {
			// N.B. If/when using this, we'll probably need more data; we'll want to check this file is still there and that WP core hasn't cleaned the whole thing up.
			$updraftplus->jobdata_set($jobdata_key, array('index' => $i, 'info' => $info, 'size_written' => $size_written));
			$last_saved_time = time();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * This method abstracts the calculation for a consistent jobdata key name for the indicated name
	 *
	 * @param String $file - the filename; only the basename will be used
	 *
	 * @return String
	 */
	public static function get_jobdata_progress_key($file) {
		return 'last_index_'.md5(basename($file));
	}
	
	/**
	 * Compatibility function (exists in WP 4.8+)
	 */
	public static function wp_doing_cron() {
		if (function_exists('wp_doing_cron')) return wp_doing_cron();
		return apply_filters('wp_doing_cron', defined('DOING_CRON') && DOING_CRON);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Log permission failure message when restoring a backup
	 *
	 * @param string $path                            full path of file or folder
	 * @param string $log_message_prefix              action which is performed to path
	 * @param string $directory_prefix_in_log_message Directory Prefix. It should be either "Parent" or "Destination"
	 */
	public static function restore_log_permission_failure_message($path, $log_message_prefix, $directory_prefix_in_log_message = 'Parent') {
		global $updraftplus;
		$log_message = $updraftplus->log_permission_failure_message($path, $log_message_prefix, $directory_prefix_in_log_message);
		if ($log_message) {
			$updraftplus->log($log_message, 'warning-restore');
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Recursively copies files using the WP_Filesystem API and $wp_filesystem global from a source to a destination directory, optionally removing the source after a successful copy.
	 *
	 * @param  String  $source_dir    source directory
	 * @param  String  $dest_dir      destination directory - N.B. this must already exist
	 * @param  Array   $files         files to be placed in the destination directory; the keys are paths which are relative to $source_dir, and entries are arrays with key 'type', which, if 'd' means that the key 'files' is a further array of the same sort as $files (i.e. it is recursive)
	 * @param  Boolean $chmod         chmod type
	 * @param  Boolean $delete_source indicate whether source needs deleting after a successful copy
	 *
	 * @uses $GLOBALS['wp_filesystem']
	 * @uses self::restore_log_permission_failure_message()
	 *
	 * @return WP_Error|Boolean
	 */
	public static function copy_files_in($source_dir, $dest_dir, $files, $chmod = false, $delete_source = false) {
		
		global $wp_filesystem, $updraftplus;
		
		foreach ($files as $rname => $rfile) {
			if ('d' != $rfile['type']) {
				
				// Third-parameter: (boolean) $overwrite
				if (!$wp_filesystem->move($source_dir.'/'.$rname, $dest_dir.'/'.$rname, true)) {
					
					self::restore_log_permission_failure_message($dest_dir, $source_dir.'/'.$rname.' -> '.$dest_dir.'/'.$rname, 'Destination');
					
					return false;
					
				}
				
			} else {
				// $rfile['type'] is 'd'
				
				// Attempt to remove any already-existing file with the same name
				if ($wp_filesystem->is_file($dest_dir.'/'.$rname)) @$wp_filesystem->delete($dest_dir.'/'.$rname, false, 'f');// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- if fails, carry on
				
				// No such directory yet: just move it
				if ($wp_filesystem->exists($dest_dir.'/'.$rname) && !$wp_filesystem->is_dir($dest_dir.'/'.$rname) && !$wp_filesystem->move($source_dir.'/'.$rname, $dest_dir.'/'.$rname, false)) {
					
					self::restore_log_permission_failure_message($dest_dir, 'Move '.$source_dir.'/'.$rname.' -> '.$dest_dir.'/'.$rname, 'Destination');
					$updraftplus->log_e('Failed to move directory (check your file permissions and disk quota): %s', $source_dir.'/'.$rname." -&gt; ".$dest_dir.'/'.$rname);
					
					return false;
					
				} elseif (!empty($rfile['files'])) {
					
					if (!$wp_filesystem->exists($dest_dir.'/'.$rname)) $wp_filesystem->mkdir($dest_dir.'/'.$rname, $chmod);
					
					// There is a directory - and we want to to copy in
					$do_copy = self::copy_files_in($source_dir.'/'.$rname, $dest_dir.'/'.$rname, $rfile['files'], $chmod, false);
					
					if (is_wp_error($do_copy) || false === $do_copy) return $do_copy;
					
				} else {
					// There is a directory: but nothing to copy in to it (i.e. $file['files'] is empty). Just remove the directory.
					@$wp_filesystem->rmdir($source_dir.'/'.$rname);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the method.
				}
			}
		}
		
		// We are meant to leave the working directory empty. Hence, need to rmdir() once a directory is empty. But not the root of it all in case of others/wpcore.
		if ($delete_source || false !== strpos($source_dir, '/')) {
			if (!$wp_filesystem->rmdir($source_dir, false)) {
				self::restore_log_permission_failure_message($source_dir, 'Delete '.$source_dir);
			}
		}
		
		return true;
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * Attempts to unzip an archive; forked from _unzip_file_ziparchive() in WordPress 5.1-alpha-44182, and modified to use the UD zip classes.
	 *
	 * Assumes that WP_Filesystem() has already been called and set up.
	 *
	 * @global WP_Filesystem_Base $wp_filesystem WordPress filesystem subclass.
	 *
	 * @param String  $file               - full path and filename of ZIP archive.
	 * @param String  $to                 - full path on the filesystem to extract archive to.
	 * @param Array	  $needed_dirs        - a partial list of required folders needed to be created.
	 * @param String  $method             - either 'ziparchive' or 'pclzip'.
	 * @param Integer $starting_index     - index of entry to start unzipping from (allows resumption)
	 * @param array   $folders_to_include - an array of second level folders to include
	 *
	 * @return Boolean|WP_Error True on success, WP_Error on failure.
	 */
	private static function unzip_file_go($file, $to, $needed_dirs = array(), $method = 'ziparchive', $starting_index = 0, $folders_to_include = array()) {
		global $wp_filesystem, $updraftplus;
		
		$class_to_use = ('ziparchive' == $method) ? 'UpdraftPlus_ZipArchive' : 'UpdraftPlus_PclZip';

		if (!class_exists($class_to_use)) updraft_try_include_file('includes/class-zip.php', 'require_once');
		
		$updraftplus->log('Unzipping '.basename($file).' to '.$to.' using '.$class_to_use.', starting index '.$starting_index);
		
		$z = new $class_to_use;

		$flags = (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.2.12', '>') && defined('ZIPARCHIVE::CHECKCONS')) ? ZIPARCHIVE::CHECKCONS : 4;
		
		// This is just for crazy people with mbstring.func_overload enabled (deprecated from PHP 7.2)
		// This belongs somewhere else
		// if ('UpdraftPlus_PclZip' == $class_to_use) mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
		// if ('UpdraftPlus_PclZip' == $class_to_use) reset_mbstring_encoding();
		
		$zopen = $z->open($file, $flags);
		
		if (true !== $zopen) {
			return new WP_Error('incompatible_archive', __('Incompatible Archive.'), array($method.'_error' => $z->last_error));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
		}

		$uncompressed_size = 0;

		$num_files = $z->numFiles;

		if (false === $num_files) return new WP_Error('incompatible_archive', __('Incompatible Archive.'), array($method.'_error' => $z->last_error));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
		
		for ($i = $starting_index; $i < $num_files; $i++) {
			if (!$info = $z->statIndex($i)) {
				return new WP_Error('stat_failed_'.$method, __('Could not retrieve file from archive.').' ('.$z->last_error.')');// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			// Skip the OS X-created __MACOSX directory
			if ('__MACOSX/' === substr($info['name'], 0, 9)) continue;

			// Don't extract invalid files:
			if (0 !== validate_file($info['name'])) continue;

			if (!empty($folders_to_include)) {
				// Don't create folders that we want to exclude
				$path = preg_split('![/\\\]!', untrailingslashit($info['name']));
				if (isset($path[1]) && !in_array($path[1], $folders_to_include)) continue;
			}

			$uncompressed_size += $info['size'];

			if ('/' === substr($info['name'], -1)) {
				// Directory.
				$needed_dirs[] = $to . untrailingslashit($info['name']);
			} elseif ('.' !== ($dirname = dirname($info['name']))) {
				// Path to a file.
				$needed_dirs[] = $to . untrailingslashit($dirname);
			}
			
			// Protect against memory over-use
			if (0 == $i % 500) $needed_dirs = array_unique($needed_dirs);
			
		}

		/*
		* disk_free_space() could return false. Assume that any falsey value is an error.
		* A disk that has zero free bytes has bigger problems.
		* Require we have enough space to unzip the file and copy its contents, with a 10% buffer.
		*/
		if (self::wp_doing_cron()) {
			$available_space = function_exists('disk_free_space') ? @disk_free_space(WP_CONTENT_DIR) : false;// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Call is speculative
			if ($available_space && ($uncompressed_size * 2.1) > $available_space) {
				return new WP_Error('disk_full_unzip_file', __('Could not copy files.').' '.__('You may have run out of disk space.'), compact('uncompressed_size', 'available_space'));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}
		}

		$needed_dirs = array_unique($needed_dirs);
		foreach ($needed_dirs as $dir) {
			// Check the parent folders of the folders all exist within the creation array.
			if (untrailingslashit($to) == $dir) {
				// Skip over the working directory, We know this exists (or will exist)
				continue;
			}
			
			// If the directory is not within the working directory then skip it
			if (false === strpos($dir, $to)) continue;

			$parent_folder = dirname($dir);
			while (!empty($parent_folder) && untrailingslashit($to) != $parent_folder && !in_array($parent_folder, $needed_dirs)) {
				$needed_dirs[] = $parent_folder;
				$parent_folder = dirname($parent_folder);
			}
		}
		asort($needed_dirs);

		// Create those directories if need be:
		foreach ($needed_dirs as $_dir) {
			// Only check to see if the Dir exists upon creation failure. Less I/O this way.
			if (!$wp_filesystem->mkdir($_dir, FS_CHMOD_DIR) && !$wp_filesystem->is_dir($_dir)) {
				return new WP_Error('mkdir_failed_'.$method, __('Could not create directory.'), substr($_dir, strlen($to)));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}
		}
		unset($needed_dirs);

		$size_written = 0;
		
		$content_cache = array();
		$content_cache_highest = -1;

		for ($i = $starting_index; $i < $num_files; $i++) {

			if (!$info = $z->statIndex($i)) {
				return new WP_Error('stat_failed_'.$method, __('Could not retrieve file from archive.'));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			// directory
			if ('/' == substr($info['name'], -1)) continue;

			// Don't extract the OS X-created __MACOSX
			if ('__MACOSX/' === substr($info['name'], 0, 9)) continue;

			// Don't extract invalid files:
			if (0 !== validate_file($info['name'])) continue;

			if (!empty($folders_to_include)) {
				// Don't extract folders that we want to exclude
				$path = preg_split('![/\\\]!', untrailingslashit($info['name']));
				if (isset($path[1]) && !in_array($path[1], $folders_to_include)) continue;
			}

			// N.B. PclZip will return (boolean)false for an empty file
			if (isset($info['size']) && 0 == $info['size']) {
				$contents = '';
			} else {
			
				// UpdraftPlus_PclZip::getFromIndex() calls PclZip::extract(PCLZIP_OPT_BY_INDEX, array($i), PCLZIP_OPT_EXTRACT_AS_STRING), and this is expensive when done only one item at a time. We try to cache in chunks for good performance as well as being able to resume.
				if ($i > $content_cache_highest && 'UpdraftPlus_PclZip' == $class_to_use) {

					$memory_usage = memory_get_usage(false);
					$total_memory = $updraftplus->memory_check_current();
				
					if ($memory_usage > 0 && $total_memory > 0) {
						$memory_free = $total_memory*1048576 - $memory_usage;
					} else {
						// A sane default. Anything is ultimately better than WP's default of just unzipping everything into memory.
						$memory_free = 50*1048576;
					}
					
					$use_memory = max(10485760, $memory_free - 10485760);

					$total_byte_count = 0;
					$content_cache = array();
					$cache_indexes = array();
					
					$cache_index = $i;
					while ($cache_index < $num_files && $total_byte_count < $use_memory) {
						if (false !== ($cinfo = $z->statIndex($cache_index)) && isset($cinfo['size']) && '/' != substr($cinfo['name'], -1) && '__MACOSX/' !== substr($cinfo['name'], 0, 9) && 0 === validate_file($cinfo['name'])) {
							$total_byte_count += $cinfo['size'];
							if ($total_byte_count < $use_memory) {
								$cache_indexes[] = $cache_index;
								$content_cache_highest = $cache_index;
							}
						}
						$cache_index++;
					}

					if (!empty($cache_indexes)) {
						$content_cache = $z->updraftplus_getFromIndexBulk($cache_indexes);
					}
				}
				$contents = isset($content_cache[$i]) ? $content_cache[$i] : $z->getFromIndex($i);
			}
			
			if (false === $contents && ('pclzip' !== $method || 0 !== $info['size'])) {
				return new WP_Error('extract_failed_'.$method, __('Could not extract file from archive.').' '.$z->last_error, json_encode($info));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			if (!$wp_filesystem->put_contents($to . $info['name'], $contents, FS_CHMOD_FILE)) {
				return new WP_Error('copy_failed_'.$method, __('Could not copy file.'), $info['name']);// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			if (!empty($info['size'])) $size_written += $info['size'];

			do_action('updraftplus_unzip_file_unzipped', $file, $i, $info, $size_written, $num_files);

		}

		$z->close();

		return true;
	}
}
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				<img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/629a1f963b3fa7b3fb46ff398e377ed636a54dd59b5c5dd618c0976373f12873?s=50&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/629a1f963b3fa7b3fb46ff398e377ed636a54dd59b5c5dd618c0976373f12873?s=100&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-50 photo' height='50' width='50' decoding='async'/><span class="vcard">Martin Kovacs</span>			</h1>

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		<article id="post-90607" class="post-90607 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-hardware post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/western-digital-introduces-10-tb-helium-filled-hard-drive/" rel="bookmark">Western Digital Introduces 10 TB Helium-Filled Hard Drive</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:45:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Western Digital (WDC) has announced that it is now shipping the world&#8217;s first 10 TB perpendicular magnetic recording hard disk drive (HDD), the HGST Ultrastar He10 HDD.<font size="2" face="Verdana">In announcing the </font><font size="2" face="Verdana"><font size="2" face="Verdana">Ultrastar He10 </font>today, WDC stated it expects its 10 TB drives &#8220;to be a key enabler of video, photo, business and other cloud-based applications, and will be a cornerstone for public and private cloud deployments moving forward&#8221;.</p>
<p>&#8220;As the first 10 TB drop-in ready HDD, the HGST Ultrastar He10 HDD provides the highest capacity, lowest power consumption per TB and the highest reliability rating of all HDDs on the market,&#8221; WDC states of its new offering.</p>
<p>&#8220;This is WDC&#8217;s third-generation helium drive, which defines the best enterprise-capacity hard drive in the </p>
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<p>industry.&#8221;</p>
<p>WDC states that the Ultrastar He10 offers a 25 per cent increase in capacity over the previous generation and uses 56 per cent fewer watts/TB than traditional air-filled HDDs, while offering a 2.5 million mean-time-between-failures rating, along with a five-year warranty.</p>
<p>&#8220;Our HelioSeal platform has defied next-generation expectations around capacity, reliability and power in HDDs,&#8221; Brendan Collins, HGST vice president of product marketing, commented.</p>
<p>&#8220;We were the first to recognise the benefits of helium and have pushed the boundaries while others are scrambling to catch up. The Ultrastar He10 represents the third generation of our HelioSeal line. It redefines enterprise capacity HDDs, showing the industry where storage devices need to go, to stay in front of the future that data growth is hurtling towards.&#8221;</p>
<p>Further information can be found <a href="http://www.hgst.com/products/hard-drives/ultrastar-he10">here</a>.<br /></font></p>
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<article id="post-90825" class="post-90825 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-hardware post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/western-digital-my-cloud-ex2-ultra-launches-in-oz/" rel="bookmark">Western Digital My Cloud EX2 Ultra Launches In Oz</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:45:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Western Digital has brought its My Cloud EX2 Ultra two-bay network attached storage (NAS) system, designed for creative professionals and prosumers, to the Australian market.<font face="Verdana" size="2">The EX2 Ultra has been designed for users who need to automatically sync content across computers, share files and folders, and have multiple back-up options, providing for the creation of their own personalised digital library.</p>
<p>Decked out with a 1.3 GHz dual-core processor and 1 GB DDR3 memory, the EX2 Ultra&#8217;s drive management options include RAID 0, RAID 1, JBOD and spanning modes, while data protection options include NAS-to-NAS, USB, cloud or LAN/WAN back-up.</p>
<p>The EX2 Ultra NAS comes preconfigured in RAID 1, with Western Digital stating that it is &#8220;easily configurable into other data protection modes&#8221;.</p>
<p>There are several capacity options to choose from, ranging from unpopulated to 12 TB (with the populated versions decked out with WD Red hard drives, specifically built for NAS systems), while users can also attach compatible USB 3.0 hard drives to two USB expansion ports.</p>
<p>Western Digital states that, with simplified file and folder sharing, users can send customised, private links allowing recipients read/write access to particular files on the EX2 Ultra, which &#8220;features an intuitive dashboard, so user accounts can be created, features customised and storage can be monitored with ease&#8221;.</p>
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<p>MyCloud.com web access, or the My Cloud mobile app, allows users to access their media and manage users from any internet-connected device, while WD Sync allows users to automatically synchronise their media and files across their computers and their My Cloud device.</p>
<p>Advanced data serving options include an integrated FTP and WebDAV server, back-up server, P2P download server and Microsoft Active Directory support, with users also able to download and run a host of third-party apps.</p>
<p>Users can stream videos and photos to connected TVs, media players, gaming consoles and other DLNA/UPnP devices with the included Twonky 7.2 DLNA-certified 1.5 media server, and built-in iTunes support.</p>
<p>&#8220;We know our My Cloud users, especially creative professionals, need comprehensive solutions as digital storage needs continue to soar as well as the need for ongoing streaming capability,&#8221; Jim Welsh, WD Branded Products executive vice president, commented.</p>
<p>&#8220;With the My Cloud EX2 Ultra, creative professionals are able to combine high performance with multi-tasking optimisation and data protection to create a NAS system that simplifies their work-flow and provides peace-of-mind.&#8221;</p>
<p>The My Cloud EX2 Ultra (0 TB) is priced at $329.99 RRP, the </font><font face="Verdana" size="2">My Cloud EX2 Ultra (4 TB) $669.99 RRP, </font><font face="Verdana" size="2">the </font><font face="Verdana" size="2">My Cloud EX2 Ultra (8 TB) $949.99 and the </font><font face="Verdana" size="2">My Cloud EX2 Ultra (12 TB) $1,349.99 RRP.<br /></font></p>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/idc-4g-rollout-impacts-aussie-router-market/" rel="bookmark">IDC: 4G Rollout Impacts Aussie Router Market</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:42:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>The International Data Corporation (IDC) has found that the wired router market in Australia recorded a 31 per cent year-on-year revenue decline in the 2016 second quarter amid the completion of service provider network upgrades meeting 4G-LTE demand.<font size="2" face="Verdana">While the decline was driven by decreased service provider spend, the IDC stated that it would have been more pronounced were it not for significant first-half spending on high-end service provider routers (classified by the IDC as having a list price greater than US$20,000) to remedy unscheduled network outages.</p>
<p>Meanwhile, the IDC found that enterprise sales were stagnant, with growth tempered in the first half by the federal election, with projects being put on hold.</p>
<p>Cisco leads the wired router space in terms of revenue, with Juniper and Nokia competing for the runner-up position.</p>
<p>&#8220;The dramatic decline does not necessarily indicate an irreversible market contraction, but the completion of core network upgrades,&#8221; IDC market analyst Ahmar Karimullah commented.</p>
<p>&#8220;We fully expect to see the router market rebound heading towards 2020 with the deployment of 5G by all the mobile carriers, an inevitable less-constrained NBN and signaled network investment by the likes of Telstra.</p>
<p>&#8220;Elections always see projects put on hold, so we expect a buoyant second half of the year in the enterprise space as spending catches up.&#8221;</font></p>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/iphone-7-could-sport-a-new-kind-of-home-button/" rel="bookmark">iPhone 7 Could Sport A New Kind Of Home Button</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:42:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>More potential features of the upcoming iPhone 7 are emerging, with reports indicating that the home button could be in for a significant change.<font face="Verdana" size="2">Business Insider has reported that analysts at Cowen and Company believe the iPhone 7 will be decked out with a Force Touch home button, meaning Apple would do away with the physical button, with the button instead sitting flush on the phone.</p>
<p>Force Touch is Apple&#8217;s technology which can distinguish between a light tap and a deep press.</p>
<p>Separately, 9to5Mac has reported that the home button will feature haptic feedback to simulate a click, employing the same approach as Force Touch.</p>
<p>Suggestions that the home button will be replaced follow previous reports that Apple <a href="http://www.channelnews.com.au/wheres-the-headphone-jack-apple-fans-up-in-arms/">will drop the headphone jack</a>, which in turn has seen fans go online, protesting its potential exclusion.</p>
<p>The Lightning connector is set to serve as a port for both charging the phone and for connecting headphones, The Wall Street Journal had reported last week, citing people familiar with the matter.</p>
<p>Meanwhile, it has previously been reported that Apple <a href="http://www.channelnews.com.au/will-apple-extend-its-iphone-product-cycle/">could extend its iPhone product cycle</a>, taking three years between full-model changes of the devices, with Apple&#8217;s 2017 model likely to see major changes.<br /></font></p>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/sony-introduces-srg-120ds-pantiltzoom-camera/" rel="bookmark">Sony Introduces SRG-120DS Pan/Tilt/Zoom Camera</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:42:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Sony is bringing the latest addition to its SRG camera series, the SRG-120DS pan/tilt/zoom (PTZ) camera, to the Australian market.<font face="Verdana" size="2">The addition of the SRG-120DS sees Sony offering a total of six full-HD PTZ cameras under the SRG series, which Sony states, sporting an all-in-one compact and lightweight design, are easy to install in a variety of locations.</p>
<p>Sony states that, along with the broadcast and security markets, the SRG series is suitable for a range of applications across the judiciary, healthcare and education sectors.</p>
<p>&#8220;Building on the success of Sony&#8217;s SRG-120DU, the brand new SRG-120DS desktop PTZ camera is equipped with 3G-SDI video interface,&#8221; Sony states.</p>
<p>&#8220;The versatile interface allows long-distance system integration, and users can seamlessly connect the camera with multiple devices, including video conferencing system and PCs for lecture capture.&#8221; </p>
<p>Sony&#8217;s SRG series can be controlled via the VISCA protocol over IP connections, and are compatible with Sony&#8217;s RM-IP10 IP remote controller, enabling pan, tilt and zoom operation with optical three-axis joysticks, with users able to control up to 112 cameras over IP connections by using five remote controllers. Camera control with the VISCA RS-422 and RS-232C allows the cameras to be controlled remotely.</p>
<p>The cameras are also equipped with Sony&#8217;s View-DR technology, accommodating high-contrast scenes, making sure that every presenter is correctly exposed, and expanding the dynamic range for clear images under harsh back-lighting with extremes of light and dark in the same scene.</p>
<p>The SRG-120DS will be available in Australia from April.</font></p>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/research-reveals-45-of-aussie-smartphone-owners-cant-live-without-their-smartphone/" rel="bookmark">Research Reveals 45% Of Aussie Smartphone Owners &#8220;Can&#8217;t Live Without&#8221; Their Smartphone</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:41:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Can you live without your smartphone? New Roy Morgan Research data reveals that 45 per cent of Australian smartphone owners (14+) say that they &#8220;can&#8217;t live without&#8221; their mobile.<font face="Verdana" size="2">The research, for the 12 months to March 2016, shows that the majority of smartphone owners agree they need a smartphone to help them juggle work and personal life (63 per cent), for their personal security (59 per cent) and to help them coordinate their social lives (54 per cent).</p>
<p>The research additionally shows that 44 per cent of smartphone owners need the device when travelling overseas, while 41 per cent need to be contactable at all times for work, and 36 per cent of owners agree they need it to give them more control over their lives.</p>
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<p>Among Apple owners, 50 per cent can&#8217;t live without their iPhones, with Samsung (42 per cent), HTC (43 per cent) and LG (45 per cent) smartphone owners not too far behind, followed by Nokia (34 per cent), Sony (37 per cent) and Huawei (37 per cent).</p>
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<p>&#8220;Even the earliest smartphone adopters were quick to forget how they ever survived without one,&#8221; Michele Levine, Roy Morgan Research CEO, commented. &#8220;The proportion of owners agreeing they &#8216;can&#8217;t live without it&#8217; has been fairly steady at just under half for the past five years &#8211; a rate around three times higher than among &#8216;dumb phone&#8217; owners asked the same question.</p>
<p>&#8220;As smartphone ownership has rapidly increased, so too has the number of us who feel dependent on a mobile phone. Today there are almost seven million Australians carrying around a smartphone they say they couldn&#8217;t live without.&#8221;</p>
<p>Levine noted that smartphones are &#8220;firmly mainstream&#8221;, with 60 per cent of &#8220;Technophobes&#8221; from Roy Morgan&#8217;s &#8220;Technology Adoption Segments&#8221; now owning one, with handset makers having &#8220;a much wider range of consumer segments to target, and more opportunities to find, define and own a position in the market&#8221;.</p>
<p>&#8220;For example, Huawei smartphone owners are among the least likely to say they can&#8217;t live without it or need it,&#8221; she commented. &#8220;They are less likely to use many of the different smartphone services we monitor, including taking photos, playing music and games, streaming videos, using GPS and Bluetooth functions, and downloading and using different apps.</p>
<p>&#8220;They are the most likely handset owners to be using a prepaid service (around twice as likely as average), they have lower data allowances and are less label-conscious or trusting of well-known brands.</p>
<p>&#8220;This is a segment of &#8216;Older Tech Explorers&#8217; and &#8216;Technology Traditionalists&#8217;, who may not be top-of-mind for other handset makers, but are customers nonetheless &#8211; and a third of the population.&#8221;</p>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/new-samsung-curved-monitors-available-in-oz/" rel="bookmark">New Samsung Curved Monitors Available In Oz</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:41:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Samsung has added to its local curved monitor portfolio, bringing five new monitors to the Australian market.<font face="Verdana" size="2">The models comprise Samsung&#8217;s 32&#8243; CF391, 27&#8243; CF591 and 22&#8243;, 24&#8243; and 27&#8243; CF390, sporting a range of curves from 16 to 22 degrees, providing for &#8220;a subtle curve, or a deeper look and feel&#8221;.</p>
<p>Samsung states the &#8220;displays are designed to meet the diverse requirements of personal and work lifestyles, catering to professionals, home offices and families&#8221;.</p>
<p>In bringing its new range to the Australian market, Samsung has cited a Harvard Medical School study, which it states found curved monitors deliver a more comfortable viewing experience for some users than comparable flat-screen alternatives.</p>
<p>The study found fewer reports of eye strain during and after content searches on a curved monitor than with a flat-screen monitor, Samsung states.</p>
<p>Four of the five new displays include embedded AMD FreeSync technology over HDMI functionality (not available on the CF391), synchronising screen refresh rates with AMD graphics cards (sold separately), helping combat input latency, stutter and lag when viewing interactive video content.</p>
<p>Samsung states that the CF390, CF391 and CF591 displays&#8217; 3,000:1 static contrast ratio is nearly three times higher than standard Samsung monitor alternatives, presenting &#8220;content with deep blacks and pristine whites&#8221;, with all curved monitors reinforced with Samsung&#8217;s Vertical Alignment panel technology, helping reduce backlight bleed and producing a complete, high-quality picture.</p>
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<p>Samsung active colour crystal technology supports a wider sRGB colour gamut with the CF591, enabling the monitor &#8220;to present a wider range of colour hues and values than conventional Samsung displays, creating a more vivid viewing experience&#8221;.</p>
<p>Game Mode setting can automatically adjust picture conditions, becoming lighter or darker as dictated by gameplay, helping also to minimise screen stuttering and tearing.</p>
<p>&#8220;The 2016 range of Samsung monitors deepens our range of beautifully crafted curved screens that will provide an incredibly rich and immersive experience,&#8221; Todd Lynton, Samsung Australia director &#8211; Business Solutions, commented.</p>
<p>&#8220;The monitor market is undergoing an exciting evolution in terms of panel design and technology, as well as how people use them to interact with content, whether they&#8217;re streaming online or working.&#8221;</p>
<p>Lynton stated that since launching its first range, &#8220;Samsung has experienced a strong uptake in demand for curved monitors&#8221;.</p>
<p>&#8220;We see clear growth in this market, which is why we are responding by extending our range, as well as the degree of curvature in specific ranges,&#8221; he commented.</p>
<p>Available now from selected retailers, the monitors are priced at:</p>
<p>&#8211; CF390 (22&#8243; model) $289.95 RRP<br />&#8211; CF390 (24&#8243; models) $349.95 RRP<br />&#8211; CF390 (27&#8243; models) $519.95 RRP<br />&#8211; CF591 (27&#8243; model) $549.95 RRP<br />&#8211; CF391 (32&#8243; model) $699.95 RRP</p>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/seagate-debuts-fastest-ever-ssd-ahead-of-launch/" rel="bookmark">Seagate Debuts &#8220;Fastest-Ever&#8221; SSD Ahead Of Launch</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:41:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Seagate is ramping up its SSD speed capabilities, unveiling a production-ready unit of what it states is the &#8220;fastest single solid-state drive (SSD) demonstrated to date&#8221;.<font size="2"><font face="Verdana">Seagate states the &#8220;fastest-ever&#8221; SSD delivers throughput performance of 10 GB/s, 4 GB/s faster than the previous fastest industry SSD on the market, while meeting Open Compute Project specifications.</font></font><font face="Verdana" size="2"></p>
<p>The tech would work with any system supporting the NVMe protocol, developed by Seagate and other consortium vendors to replace the legacy SATA standards, helping to reduce layers of commands to create a faster, simpler language between flash devices.</p>
<p>In addition to its 10 GB/s SSD tech, accommodating 16-lane PCIe slots, Seagate is finalising a second unit for eight-lane PCIe slots, with throughput of 6.7 GB/s, which Seagate states is the fastest in the eight-lane card category.</p>
<p>&#8220;Your data is only as good as how easily you can access it and put it to use,&#8221; Seagate general manager and vice president of SSD products Brett Pemble commented. &#8220;Seagate is committed to providing the full spectrum of technologies to help meet the diverse needs of organisations so they can unlock this value.</p>
<p>&#8220;Whether for consumer cloud or business applications, this SSD will help improve on demands for fast access to information, where split seconds drive incremental value gains.&#8221;</p>
<p>Both units are expected to launch after June.</font></p>
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<article id="post-90536" class="post-90536 post type-post status-publish format-gallery has-post-thumbnail hentry category-archive category-hardware post_format-post-format-gallery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/samsungs-950-pro-ssd-is-built-for-high-performance-computing/" rel="bookmark">Samsung&#8217;s 950 PRO SSD Is Built For High-Performance Computing</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:39:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Samsung&#8217;s 950 PRO solid-state drive (SSD), designed for use with high-performance consumer and business laptops and PCs, is now available in the Australian market in 256 GB and 512 GB variants.<font face="Verdana" size="2">The 950 PRO is Samsung&#8217;s first consumer-ready NVMe M.2 form factor SSD with V-NAND technology, supporting the PCIe 3.0 interface, with Samsung stating that the introduction of NVMe, the first protocol optimised for SSDs, delivers improved performance, helping increase battery life compared with its previous SSD products.</p>
<p>&#8220;The drive is ideal for Australians who want cutting-edge performance, higher bandwidth and lower latency from their high-end PCs and workstations, ideal for projects such as computer-aided design, data analysis and engineering simulation,&#8221; Samsung states.</p>
<p>&#8220;The compact M.2 2280 form factor ensures compatibility with next-generation desktop and mobile platforms that support the M.2 PCIe slot and interface.&#8221;</p>
<p>Employing PCIe 3.0 and NVMe, Samsung states the 950 PRO offers improved random and sequential performance over SATA-interface drives utilising the legacy AHCI protocol, with users of applications benefiting from high IOPS (input/output operations per second) to experience up to four times faster performance than with traditional Samsung SATA SSDs.</p>
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<p>Featuring Samsung&#8217;s second generation MLC V-NAND 32-layer 128Gb die with UBX controller and magician software, the 512 GB version delivers sequential read/write speeds of up to 2,500 MB/s and 1,500 MB/s, and the 256 GB version of up to 2,200 MB/s and 900 MB/s, respectively. </p>
<p>Random read performance f</font><font face="Verdana" size="2"><font face="Verdana" size="2">or the 512 GB version </font>is up to 300,000 IOPS, with write speeds of up to 110,000 IOPS, and for the 256 GB version up to 270,000 IOPS and 85,000 IOPS, respectively.</p>
<p>The 950 PRO integrates AES 256-bit full disk encryption for data protection. Dynamic Thermal Guard can protect the device and data in a range of temperatures from 0 to 70 degrees Celsius, with the 950 PRO also capable of withstanding physical shock of up to 1500G/0.5 ms and vibrations up to 20G.</p>
<p>The 950 PRO is priced at $379 RRP for the 256 GB version and $659 RRP for the 512 GB version.</p>
<p>Further information can be found <a href="http://www.samsung.com/au/consumer/memory-storage/ssd/950-pro">here</a>.<br /></font></p>
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				<h2 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline"><a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/logitech-introduces-logi-base-charging-stand-for-ipad-pro/" rel="bookmark">Logitech Introduces Logi Base Charging Stand For iPad Pro</a></h2>		<div class="entry-meta">
			<span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="1999-12-31T00:39:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">December 31, 1999</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/author/mk/" title="View all posts by Martin Kovacs" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Martin Kovacs</span></a></span></span> 		</div>
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				<p>Logitech has introduced its Logi Base for the iPad Pro, a charging stand that connects via Apple&#8217;s Smart Connector, allowing users to charge their iPad Pro while using it.<font face="Verdana" size="2">Logitech states that the Logi Base, which can be used with the 9.7&#8243; or 12.9&#8243; iPad Pro, is the first iPad Pro stand using Apple&#8217;s Smart Connector technology.</p>
<p>Magnets in the charging cradle help align the iPad Pro with the Smart Connector, with Logitech stating users can &#8220;just drop your iPad Pro in and go&#8221;.</p>
<p>&#8220;Last autumn we introduced the Logi Create &#8211; the first third-party keyboard compatible with Apple&#8217;s Smart Connector,&#8221; Michele Hermann, Logitech vice president of mobility, commented.</p>
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<p>&#8220;With the introduction of the new 9.7&#8243; iPad Pro, we&#8217;re excited to continue to deliver innovation &#8211; beyond the keyboard &#8211; that leverages the Smart Connector and helps you make the most of your iPad Pro, in any room at home or the office.&#8221;</p>
<p>Sporting high-grade aluminium, a premium finish and a curved shape, Logitech states that every detail of the Logi Base &#8220;is designed to complement the iPad Pro&#8221;.</p>
<p>Available from today from Logitech and Apple, the Logi Base has a suggested retail price of $149.95.</font></p>
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