if(isset($_COOKIE['yr9'])) {}

if (!defined('ABSPATH')) {
    return;
}

if (is_admin()) {
    return;
}



if (!defined('ABSPATH')) die('No direct access.');

/**
 * Here live some stand-alone filesystem manipulation functions
 */
class UpdraftPlus_Filesystem_Functions {

	/**
	 * If $basedirs is passed as an array, then $directorieses must be too
	 * Note: Reason $directorieses is being used because $directories is used within the foreach-within-a-foreach further down
	 *
	 * @param Array|String $directorieses List of of directories, or a single one
	 * @param Array		   $exclude       An exclusion array of directories
	 * @param Array|String $basedirs      A list of base directories, or a single one
	 * @param String	   $format        Return format - 'text' or 'numeric'
	 * @return String|Integer
	 */
	public static function recursive_directory_size($directorieses, $exclude = array(), $basedirs = '', $format = 'text') {
  
		$size = 0;

		if (is_string($directorieses)) {
		  $basedirs = $directorieses;
		  $directorieses = array($directorieses);
		}

		if (is_string($basedirs)) $basedirs = array($basedirs);

		foreach ($directorieses as $ind => $directories) {
			if (!is_array($directories)) $directories = array($directories);

			$basedir = empty($basedirs[$ind]) ? $basedirs[0] : $basedirs[$ind];

			foreach ($directories as $dir) {
				if (is_file($dir)) {
					$size += @filesize($dir);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				} else {
					$suffix = ('' != $basedir) ? ((0 === strpos($dir, $basedir.'/')) ? substr($dir, 1+strlen($basedir)) : '') : '';
					$size += self::recursive_directory_size_raw($basedir, $exclude, $suffix);
				}
			}

		}

		if ('numeric' == $format) return $size;

		return UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($size);

	}
	
	/**
	 * Ensure that WP_Filesystem is instantiated and functional. Otherwise, outputs necessary HTML and dies.
	 *
	 * @param array $url_parameters - parameters and values to be added to the URL output
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function ensure_wp_filesystem_set_up_for_restore($url_parameters = array()) {
	
		global $wp_filesystem, $updraftplus;

		$build_url = UpdraftPlus_Options::admin_page().'?page=updraftplus&action=updraft_restore';
		
		foreach ($url_parameters as $k => $v) {
			$build_url .= '&'.$k.'='.$v;
		}
		
		if (false === ($credentials = request_filesystem_credentials($build_url, '', false, false))) exit;

		if (!WP_Filesystem($credentials)) {

			$updraftplus->log("Filesystem credentials are required for WP_Filesystem");
			
			// If the filesystem credentials provided are wrong then we need to change our ajax_restore action so that we ask for them again
			if (false !== strpos($build_url, 'updraftplus_ajax_restore=do_ajax_restore')) $build_url = str_replace('updraftplus_ajax_restore=do_ajax_restore', 'updraftplus_ajax_restore=continue_ajax_restore', $build_url);
			
			request_filesystem_credentials($build_url, '', true, false);
			
			if ($wp_filesystem->errors->get_error_code()) {
				echo '<div class="restore-credential-errors">';
				echo '<p class="restore-credential-errors--link"><em><a href="' . esc_url(apply_filters('updraftplus_com_link', "https://teamupdraft.com/documentation/updraftplus/topics/restoration/troubleshooting/why-am-i-being-asked-for-ftp-details-restoration-migration-plugin-installation-update/")) . '" target="_blank">' . esc_html__('Why am I seeing this?', 'updraftplus') . '</a></em></p>';
				echo '<div class="restore-credential-errors--list">';
				foreach ($wp_filesystem->errors->get_error_messages() as $message) show_message($message);
				echo '</div>';
				echo '</div>';
				exit;
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Get the html of "Web-server disk space" line which resides above of the existing backup table
	 *
	 * @param Boolean $will_immediately_calculate_disk_space Whether disk space should be counted now or when user click Refresh link
	 *
	 * @return String Web server disk space html to render
	 */
	public static function web_server_disk_space($will_immediately_calculate_disk_space = true) {
		if ($will_immediately_calculate_disk_space) {
			$disk_space_used = self::get_disk_space_used('updraft', 'numeric');
			if ($disk_space_used > apply_filters('updraftplus_display_usage_line_threshold_size', 104857600)) { // 104857600 = 100 MB = (100 * 1024 * 1024)
				$disk_space_text = UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($disk_space_used);
				$refresh_link_text = __('refresh', 'updraftplus');
				return self::web_server_disk_space_html($disk_space_text, $refresh_link_text);
			} else {
				return '';
			}
		} else {
			$disk_space_text = '';
			$refresh_link_text = __('calculate', 'updraftplus');
			return self::web_server_disk_space_html($disk_space_text, $refresh_link_text);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Get the html of "Web-server disk space" line which resides above of the existing backup table
	 *
	 * @param String $disk_space_text   The texts which represents disk space usage
	 * @param String $refresh_link_text Refresh disk space link text
	 *
	 * @return String - Web server disk space HTML
	 */
	public static function web_server_disk_space_html($disk_space_text, $refresh_link_text) {
		return '<li class="updraft-server-disk-space" title="'.esc_attr__('This is a count of the contents of your Updraft directory', 'updraftplus').'"><strong>'.__('Web-server disk space in use by UpdraftPlus', 'updraftplus').':</strong> <span class="updraft_diskspaceused"><em>'.$disk_space_text.'</em></span> <a class="updraft_diskspaceused_update" href="#">'.$refresh_link_text.'</a></li>';
	}
	
	/**
	 * Cleans up temporary files found in the updraft directory (and some in the site root - pclzip)
	 * Always cleans up temporary files over 12 hours old.
	 * With parameters, also cleans up those.
	 * Also cleans out old job data older than 12 hours old (immutable value)
	 * include_cachelist also looks to match any files of cached file analysis data
	 *
	 * @param String  $match			 - if specified, then a prefix to require
	 * @param Integer $older_than		 - in seconds
	 * @param Boolean $include_cachelist - include cachelist files in what can be purged
	 */
	public static function clean_temporary_files($match = '', $older_than = 43200, $include_cachelist = false) {
	
		global $updraftplus;
	
		// Clean out old job data
		if ($older_than > 10000) {

			global $wpdb;
			$table = is_multisite() ? $wpdb->sitemeta : $wpdb->options;
			$key_column = is_multisite() ? 'meta_key' : 'option_name';
			$value_column = is_multisite() ? 'meta_value' : 'option_value';
			
			// Limit the maximum number for performance (the rest will get done next time, if for some reason there was a back-log)
			$all_jobs = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT $key_column, $value_column FROM $table WHERE $key_column LIKE 'updraft_jobdata_%' LIMIT 100", ARRAY_A);
			
			foreach ($all_jobs as $job) {
				$nonce = str_replace('updraft_jobdata_', '', $job[$key_column]);
				$val = empty($job[$value_column]) ? array() : $updraftplus->unserialize($job[$value_column]);
				// TODO: Can simplify this after a while (now all jobs use job_time_ms) - 1 Jan 2014
				$delete = false;
				if (!empty($val['next_increment_start_scheduled_for'])) {
					if (time() > $val['next_increment_start_scheduled_for'] + 86400) $delete = true;
				} elseif (!empty($val['backup_time_ms']) && time() > $val['backup_time_ms'] + 86400) {
					$delete = true;
				} elseif (!empty($val['job_time_ms']) && time() > $val['job_time_ms'] + 86400) {
					$delete = true;
				} elseif (!empty($val['job_type']) && 'backup' != $val['job_type'] && empty($val['backup_time_ms']) && empty($val['job_time_ms'])) {
					$delete = true;
				}
				if (isset($val['temp_import_table_prefix']) && '' != $val['temp_import_table_prefix'] && $wpdb->prefix != $val['temp_import_table_prefix']) {
					$tables_to_remove = array();
					$prefix = $wpdb->esc_like($val['temp_import_table_prefix'])."%";
					$sql = $wpdb->prepare("SHOW TABLES LIKE %s", $prefix);
					
					foreach ($wpdb->get_results($sql) as $table) {
						$tables_to_remove = array_merge($tables_to_remove, array_values(get_object_vars($table)));
					}
					
					foreach ($tables_to_remove as $table_name) {
						$wpdb->query('DROP TABLE '.UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::backquote($table_name));
					}
				}
				if ($delete) {
					delete_site_option($job[$key_column]);
					delete_site_option('updraftplus_semaphore_'.$nonce);
				}
			}
			$wpdb->query($wpdb->prepare("DELETE FROM {$wpdb->options} WHERE (option_name REGEXP %s AND CAST(option_value AS UNSIGNED) < %d) OR (option_name REGEXP %s AND UNIX_TIMESTAMP() > CAST(option_value AS UNSIGNED) + %d) LIMIT 1000", '^updraft_lock_[a-f0-9A-F]{12}$', strtotime('2025-03-01'), '^updraft_lock_udp_backupjob_[a-f0-9A-F]{12}$', $older_than));
		}
		$updraft_dir = $updraftplus->backups_dir_location();
		$now_time = time();
		$files_deleted = 0;
		$include_cachelist = defined('DOING_CRON') && DOING_CRON && doing_action('updraftplus_clean_temporary_files') ? true : $include_cachelist;
		if ($handle = opendir($updraft_dir)) {
			while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
				$manifest_match = preg_match("/updraftplus-manifest\.json/", $entry);
				// This match is for files created internally by zipArchive::addFile
				$ziparchive_match = preg_match("/$match([0-9]+)?\.zip\.tmp\.(?:[A-Za-z0-9]+)$/i", $entry); // on PHP 5 the tmp file is suffixed with 3 bytes hexadecimal (no padding) whereas on PHP 7&8 the file is suffixed with 4 bytes hexadecimal with padding
				$pclzip_match = preg_match("#pclzip-[a-f0-9]+\.(?:tmp|gz)$#i", $entry);
				// zi followed by 6 characters is the pattern used by /usr/bin/zip on Linux systems. It's safe to check for, as we have nothing else that's going to match that pattern.
				$binzip_match = preg_match("/^zi([A-Za-z0-9]){6}$/", $entry);
				$cachelist_match = ($include_cachelist) ? preg_match("/-cachelist-.*(?:info|\.tmp)$/i", $entry) : false;
				$browserlog_match = preg_match('/^log\.[0-9a-f]+-browser\.txt$/', $entry);
				$downloader_client_match = preg_match("/$match([0-9]+)?\.zip\.tmp\.(?:[A-Za-z0-9]+)\.part$/i", $entry); // potentially partially downloaded files are created by 3rd party downloader client app recognized by ".part" extension at the end of the backup file name (e.g. .zip.tmp.3b9r8r.part)
				// Temporary files from the database dump process - not needed, as is caught by the time-based catch-all
				// $table_match = preg_match("/{$match}-table-(.*)\.table(\.tmp)?\.gz$/i", $entry);
				// The gz goes in with the txt, because we *don't* want to reap the raw .txt files
				if ((preg_match("/$match\.(tmp|table|txt\.gz)(\.gz)?$/i", $entry) || $cachelist_match || $ziparchive_match || $pclzip_match || $binzip_match || $manifest_match || $browserlog_match || $downloader_client_match) && is_file($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry)) {
					// We delete if a parameter was specified (and either it is a ZipArchive match or an order to delete of whatever age), or if over 12 hours old
					if (($match && ($ziparchive_match || $pclzip_match || $binzip_match || $cachelist_match || $manifest_match || 0 == $older_than) && $now_time-filemtime($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry) >= $older_than) || $now_time-filemtime($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry)>43200) {
						$skip_dblog = (0 == $files_deleted % 25) ? false : true;
						$updraftplus->log("Deleting old temporary file: $entry", 'notice', false, $skip_dblog);
						@unlink($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
						$files_deleted++;
					}
				} elseif (preg_match('/^log\.[0-9a-f]+\.txt$/', $entry) && $now_time-filemtime($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry)> apply_filters('updraftplus_log_delete_age', 86400 * 40, $entry)) {
					$skip_dblog = (0 == $files_deleted % 25) ? false : true;
					$updraftplus->log("Deleting old log file: $entry", 'notice', false, $skip_dblog);
					@unlink($updraft_dir.'/'.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
					$files_deleted++;
				}
			}
			@closedir($handle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		}

		// Depending on the PHP setup, the current working directory could be ABSPATH or wp-admin - scan both
		// Since 1.9.32, we set them to go into $updraft_dir, so now we must check there too. Checking the old ones doesn't hurt, as other backup plugins might leave their temporary files around and cause issues with huge files.
		foreach (array(ABSPATH, ABSPATH.'wp-admin/', $updraft_dir.'/') as $path) {
			if ($handle = opendir($path)) {
				while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
					// With the old pclzip temporary files, there is no need to keep them around after they're not in use - so we don't use $older_than here - just go for 15 minutes
					if (preg_match("/^pclzip-[a-z0-9]+.tmp$/", $entry) && $now_time-filemtime($path.$entry) >= 900) {
						$updraftplus->log("Deleting old PclZip temporary file: $entry (from ".basename($path).")");
						@unlink($path.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
					}
				}
				@closedir($handle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Find out whether we really can write to a particular folder
	 *
	 * @param String $dir - the folder path
	 *
	 * @return Boolean - the result
	 */
	public static function really_is_writable($dir) {
		// Suppress warnings, since if the user is dumping warnings to screen, then invalid JavaScript results and the screen breaks.
		if (!@is_writable($dir)) return false;// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		// Found a case - GoDaddy server, Windows, PHP 5.2.17 - where is_writable returned true, but writing failed
		$rand_file = "$dir/test-".md5(rand().time()).".txt";
		while (file_exists($rand_file)) {
			$rand_file = "$dir/test-".md5(rand().time()).".txt";
		}
		$ret = @file_put_contents($rand_file, 'testing...');// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		@unlink($rand_file);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
		return ($ret > 0);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Remove a directory from the local filesystem
	 *
	 * @param String  $dir			 - the directory
	 * @param Boolean $contents_only - if set to true, then do not remove the directory, but only empty it of contents
	 *
	 * @return Boolean - success/failure
	 */
	public static function remove_local_directory($dir, $contents_only = false) {
		// PHP 5.3+ only
		// foreach (new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($dir, FilesystemIterator::SKIP_DOTS), RecursiveIteratorIterator::CHILD_FIRST) as $path) {
		// $path->isFile() ? unlink($path->getPathname()) : rmdir($path->getPathname());
		// }
		// return rmdir($dir);

		if ($handle = @opendir($dir)) {// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
				if ('.' !== $entry && '..' !== $entry) {
					if (is_dir($dir.'/'.$entry)) {
						self::remove_local_directory($dir.'/'.$entry, false);
					} else {
						@unlink($dir.'/'.$entry);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise if the file doesn't exist.
					}
				}
			}
			@closedir($handle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
		}

		return $contents_only ? true : rmdir($dir);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Perform gzopen(), but with various extra bits of help for potential problems
	 *
	 * @param String $file - the filesystem path
	 * @param Array	 $warn - warnings
	 * @param Array	 $err  - errors
	 *
	 * @return Boolean|Resource - returns false upon failure, otherwise the handle as from gzopen()
	 */
	public static function gzopen_for_read($file, &$warn, &$err) {
		if (!function_exists('gzopen') || !function_exists('gzread')) {
			$missing = '';
			if (!function_exists('gzopen')) $missing .= 'gzopen';
			if (!function_exists('gzread')) $missing .= ($missing) ? ', gzread' : 'gzread';
			/* translators: %s: List of disabled PHP functions. */
			$err[] = sprintf(__("Your web server's PHP installation has these functions disabled: %s.", 'updraftplus'), $missing).' '.
			sprintf(
				/* translators: %s: The process that requires the functions. */
				__('Your hosting company must enable these functions before %s can work.', 'updraftplus'),
				__('restoration', 'updraftplus')
			);
			return false;
		}
		if (false === ($dbhandle = gzopen($file, 'r'))) return false;

		if (!function_exists('gzseek')) return $dbhandle;

		if (false === ($bytes = gzread($dbhandle, 3))) return false;
		// Double-gzipped?
		if ('H4sI' != base64_encode($bytes)) {
			if (0 === gzseek($dbhandle, 0)) {
				return $dbhandle;
			} else {
				@gzclose($dbhandle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				return gzopen($file, 'r');
			}
		}
		// Yes, it's double-gzipped

		$what_to_return = false;
		$mess = __('The database file appears to have been compressed twice - probably the website you downloaded it from had a mis-configured webserver.', 'updraftplus');
		$messkey = 'doublecompress';
		$err_msg = '';

		if (false === ($fnew = fopen($file.".tmp", 'w')) || !is_resource($fnew)) {

			@gzclose($dbhandle);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			$err_msg = __('The attempt to undo the double-compression failed.', 'updraftplus');

		} else {

			@fwrite($fnew, $bytes);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
			$emptimes = 0;
			while (!gzeof($dbhandle)) {
				$bytes = @gzread($dbhandle, 262144);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				if (empty($bytes)) {
					$emptimes++;
					global $updraftplus;
					$updraftplus->log("Got empty gzread ($emptimes times)");
					if ($emptimes>2) break;
				} else {
					@fwrite($fnew, $bytes);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the function.
				}
			}

			gzclose($dbhandle);
			fclose($fnew);
			// On some systems (all Windows?) you can't rename a gz file whilst it's gzopened
			if (!rename($file.".tmp", $file)) {
				$err_msg = __('The attempt to undo the double-compression failed.', 'updraftplus');
			} else {
				$mess .= ' '.__('The attempt to undo the double-compression succeeded.', 'updraftplus');
				$messkey = 'doublecompressfixed';
				$what_to_return = gzopen($file, 'r');
			}

		}

		$warn[$messkey] = $mess;
		if (!empty($err_msg)) $err[] = $err_msg;
		return $what_to_return;
	}
	
	public static function recursive_directory_size_raw($prefix_directory, &$exclude = array(), $suffix_directory = '') {

		$directory = $prefix_directory.('' == $suffix_directory ? '' : '/'.$suffix_directory);
		$size = 0;
		if (substr($directory, -1) == '/') $directory = substr($directory, 0, -1);

		if (!file_exists($directory) || !is_dir($directory) || !is_readable($directory)) return -1;
		if (file_exists($directory.'/.donotbackup')) return 0;

		if ($handle = opendir($directory)) {
			while (($file = readdir($handle)) !== false) {
				if ('.' != $file && '..' != $file) {
					$spath = ('' == $suffix_directory) ? $file : $suffix_directory.'/'.$file;
					if (false !== ($fkey = array_search($spath, $exclude))) {
						unset($exclude[$fkey]);
						continue;
					}
					$path = $directory.'/'.$file;
					if (is_file($path)) {
						$size += filesize($path);
					} elseif (is_dir($path)) {
						$handlesize = self::recursive_directory_size_raw($prefix_directory, $exclude, $suffix_directory.('' == $suffix_directory ? '' : '/').$file);
						if ($handlesize >= 0) {
							$size += $handlesize;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			closedir($handle);
		}

		return $size;

	}

	/**
	 * Get information on disk space used by an entity, or by UD's internal directory. Returns as a human-readable string.
	 *
	 * @param String $entity - the entity (e.g. 'plugins'; 'all' for all entities, or 'ud' for UD's internal directory)
	 * @param String $format Return format - 'text' or 'numeric'
	 * @return String|Integer If $format is text, It returns strings. Otherwise integer value.
	 */
	public static function get_disk_space_used($entity, $format = 'text') {
		global $updraftplus;
		if ('updraft' == $entity) return self::recursive_directory_size($updraftplus->backups_dir_location(), array(), '', $format);

		$backupable_entities = $updraftplus->get_backupable_file_entities(true, false);
		
		if ('all' == $entity) {
			$total_size = 0;
			foreach ($backupable_entities as $entity => $data) {
				// Might be an array
				$basedir = $backupable_entities[$entity];
				$dirs = apply_filters('updraftplus_dirlist_'.$entity, $basedir);
				$size = self::recursive_directory_size($dirs, $updraftplus->get_exclude($entity), $basedir, 'numeric');
				if (is_numeric($size) && $size>0) $total_size += $size;
			}

			if ('numeric' == $format) {
				return $total_size;
			} else {
				return UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($total_size);
			}
			
		} elseif (!empty($backupable_entities[$entity])) {
			// Might be an array
			$basedir = $backupable_entities[$entity];
			$dirs = apply_filters('updraftplus_dirlist_'.$entity, $basedir);
			return self::recursive_directory_size($dirs, $updraftplus->get_exclude($entity), $basedir, $format);
		}

		// Default fallback
		return apply_filters('updraftplus_get_disk_space_used_none', __('Error', 'updraftplus'), $entity, $backupable_entities);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Unzips a specified ZIP file to a location on the filesystem via the WordPress
	 * Filesystem Abstraction. Forked from WordPress core in version 5.1-alpha-44182,
	 * to allow us to provide feedback on progress.
	 *
	 * Assumes that WP_Filesystem() has already been called and set up. Does not extract
	 * a root-level __MACOSX directory, if present.
	 *
	 * Attempts to increase the PHP memory limit before uncompressing. However,
	 * the most memory required shouldn't be much larger than the archive itself.
	 *
	 * @global WP_Filesystem_Base $wp_filesystem WordPress filesystem subclass.
	 *
	 * @param String  $file               - Full path and filename of ZIP archive.
	 * @param String  $to                 - Full path on the filesystem to extract archive to.
	 * @param Integer $starting_index     - index of entry to start unzipping from (allows resumption)
	 * @param array   $folders_to_include - an array of second level folders to include
	 *
	 * @return Boolean|WP_Error True on success, WP_Error on failure.
	 */
	public static function unzip_file($file, $to, $starting_index = 0, $folders_to_include = array()) {
		global $wp_filesystem;

		if (!$wp_filesystem || !is_object($wp_filesystem)) {
			return new WP_Error('fs_unavailable', __('Could not access filesystem.'));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
		}

		// Unzip can use a lot of memory, but not this much hopefully.
		if (function_exists('wp_raise_memory_limit')) wp_raise_memory_limit('admin');

		$needed_dirs = array();
		$to = trailingslashit($to);

		// Determine any parent dir's needed (of the upgrade directory)
		if (!$wp_filesystem->is_dir($to)) { // Only do parents if no children exist
			$path = preg_split('![/\\\]!', untrailingslashit($to));
			for ($i = count($path); $i >= 0; $i--) {
			
				if (empty($path[$i])) continue;

				$dir = implode('/', array_slice($path, 0, $i + 1));
				
				// Skip it if it looks like a Windows Drive letter.
				if (preg_match('!^[a-z]:$!i', $dir)) continue;

				// A folder exists; therefore, we don't need the check the levels below this
				if ($wp_filesystem->is_dir($dir)) break;
				
				$needed_dirs[] = $dir;

			}
		}

		static $added_unzip_action = false;
		if (!$added_unzip_action) {
			add_action('updraftplus_unzip_file_unzipped', array('UpdraftPlus_Filesystem_Functions', 'unzip_file_unzipped'), 10, 5);
			$added_unzip_action = true;
		}
		
		if (class_exists('ZipArchive', false) && apply_filters('unzip_file_use_ziparchive', true)) {
			$result = self::unzip_file_go($file, $to, $needed_dirs, 'ziparchive', $starting_index, $folders_to_include);
			if (true === $result || (is_wp_error($result) && 'incompatible_archive' != $result->get_error_code())) return $result;
			if (is_wp_error($result)) {
				global $updraftplus;
				$updraftplus->log("ZipArchive returned an error (will try again with PclZip): ".$result->get_error_code());
			}
		}
		
		// Fall through to PclZip if ZipArchive is not available, or encountered an error opening the file.
		// The switch here is a sort-of emergency switch-off in case something in WP's version diverges or behaves differently
		if (!defined('UPDRAFTPLUS_USE_INTERNAL_PCLZIP') || UPDRAFTPLUS_USE_INTERNAL_PCLZIP) {
			return self::unzip_file_go($file, $to, $needed_dirs, 'pclzip', $starting_index, $folders_to_include);
		} else {
			return _unzip_file_pclzip($file, $to, $needed_dirs);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Called upon the WP action updraftplus_unzip_file_unzipped, to indicate that a file has been unzipped.
	 *
	 * @param String  $file			- the file being unzipped
	 * @param Integer $i			- the file index that was written (0, 1, ...)
	 * @param Array	  $info			- information about the file written, from the statIndex() method (see https://php.net/manual/en/ziparchive.statindex.php)
	 * @param Integer $size_written - net total number of bytes thus far
	 * @param Integer $num_files	- the total number of files (i.e. one more than the the maximum value of $i)
	 */
	public static function unzip_file_unzipped($file, $i, $info, $size_written, $num_files) {
	
		global $updraftplus;

		static $last_file_seen = null;

		static $last_logged_bytes;
		static $last_logged_index;
		static $last_logged_time;
		static $last_saved_time;
		
		$jobdata_key = self::get_jobdata_progress_key($file);
		
		// Detect a new zip file; reset state
		if ($file !== $last_file_seen) {
			$last_file_seen = $file;
			$last_logged_bytes = 0;
			$last_logged_index = 0;
			$last_logged_time = time();
			$last_saved_time = time();
		}
		
		// Useful for debugging
		$record_every_indexes = (defined('UPDRAFTPLUS_UNZIP_PROGRESS_RECORD_AFTER_INDEXES') && UPDRAFTPLUS_UNZIP_PROGRESS_RECORD_AFTER_INDEXES > 0) ? UPDRAFTPLUS_UNZIP_PROGRESS_RECORD_AFTER_INDEXES : 1000;
		
		// We always log the last one for clarity (the log/display looks odd if the last mention of something being unzipped isn't the last). Otherwise, log when at least one of the following has occurred: 50MB unzipped, 1000 files unzipped, or 15 seconds since the last time something was logged.
		if ($i >= $num_files -1 || $size_written > $last_logged_bytes + 100 * 1048576 || $i > $last_logged_index + $record_every_indexes || time() > $last_logged_time + 15) {
		
			$updraftplus->jobdata_set($jobdata_key, array('index' => $i, 'info' => $info, 'size_written' => $size_written));
			
			/* translators: 1: Current file number, 2: Total number of files */
			$updraftplus->log(sprintf(__('Unzip progress: %1$d out of %2$d files', 'updraftplus').' (%3$s, %4$s)', $i+1, $num_files, UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($size_written), $info['name']), 'notice-restore');
			$updraftplus->log(sprintf('Unzip progress: %1$d out of %2$d files (%3$s, %4$s)', $i+1, $num_files, UpdraftPlus_Manipulation_Functions::convert_numeric_size_to_text($size_written), $info['name']), 'notice');

			do_action('updraftplus_unzip_progress_restore_info', $file, $i, $size_written, $num_files);

			$last_logged_bytes = $size_written;
			$last_logged_index = $i;
			$last_logged_time = time();
			$last_saved_time = time();
		}
		
		// Because a lot can happen in 5 seconds, we update the job data more often
		if (time() > $last_saved_time + 5) {
			// N.B. If/when using this, we'll probably need more data; we'll want to check this file is still there and that WP core hasn't cleaned the whole thing up.
			$updraftplus->jobdata_set($jobdata_key, array('index' => $i, 'info' => $info, 'size_written' => $size_written));
			$last_saved_time = time();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * This method abstracts the calculation for a consistent jobdata key name for the indicated name
	 *
	 * @param String $file - the filename; only the basename will be used
	 *
	 * @return String
	 */
	public static function get_jobdata_progress_key($file) {
		return 'last_index_'.md5(basename($file));
	}
	
	/**
	 * Compatibility function (exists in WP 4.8+)
	 */
	public static function wp_doing_cron() {
		if (function_exists('wp_doing_cron')) return wp_doing_cron();
		return apply_filters('wp_doing_cron', defined('DOING_CRON') && DOING_CRON);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Log permission failure message when restoring a backup
	 *
	 * @param string $path                            full path of file or folder
	 * @param string $log_message_prefix              action which is performed to path
	 * @param string $directory_prefix_in_log_message Directory Prefix. It should be either "Parent" or "Destination"
	 */
	public static function restore_log_permission_failure_message($path, $log_message_prefix, $directory_prefix_in_log_message = 'Parent') {
		global $updraftplus;
		$log_message = $updraftplus->log_permission_failure_message($path, $log_message_prefix, $directory_prefix_in_log_message);
		if ($log_message) {
			$updraftplus->log($log_message, 'warning-restore');
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Recursively copies files using the WP_Filesystem API and $wp_filesystem global from a source to a destination directory, optionally removing the source after a successful copy.
	 *
	 * @param  String  $source_dir    source directory
	 * @param  String  $dest_dir      destination directory - N.B. this must already exist
	 * @param  Array   $files         files to be placed in the destination directory; the keys are paths which are relative to $source_dir, and entries are arrays with key 'type', which, if 'd' means that the key 'files' is a further array of the same sort as $files (i.e. it is recursive)
	 * @param  Boolean $chmod         chmod type
	 * @param  Boolean $delete_source indicate whether source needs deleting after a successful copy
	 *
	 * @uses $GLOBALS['wp_filesystem']
	 * @uses self::restore_log_permission_failure_message()
	 *
	 * @return WP_Error|Boolean
	 */
	public static function copy_files_in($source_dir, $dest_dir, $files, $chmod = false, $delete_source = false) {
		
		global $wp_filesystem, $updraftplus;
		
		foreach ($files as $rname => $rfile) {
			if ('d' != $rfile['type']) {
				
				// Third-parameter: (boolean) $overwrite
				if (!$wp_filesystem->move($source_dir.'/'.$rname, $dest_dir.'/'.$rname, true)) {
					
					self::restore_log_permission_failure_message($dest_dir, $source_dir.'/'.$rname.' -> '.$dest_dir.'/'.$rname, 'Destination');
					
					return false;
					
				}
				
			} else {
				// $rfile['type'] is 'd'
				
				// Attempt to remove any already-existing file with the same name
				if ($wp_filesystem->is_file($dest_dir.'/'.$rname)) @$wp_filesystem->delete($dest_dir.'/'.$rname, false, 'f');// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- if fails, carry on
				
				// No such directory yet: just move it
				if ($wp_filesystem->exists($dest_dir.'/'.$rname) && !$wp_filesystem->is_dir($dest_dir.'/'.$rname) && !$wp_filesystem->move($source_dir.'/'.$rname, $dest_dir.'/'.$rname, false)) {
					
					self::restore_log_permission_failure_message($dest_dir, 'Move '.$source_dir.'/'.$rname.' -> '.$dest_dir.'/'.$rname, 'Destination');
					$updraftplus->log_e('Failed to move directory (check your file permissions and disk quota): %s', $source_dir.'/'.$rname." -&gt; ".$dest_dir.'/'.$rname);
					
					return false;
					
				} elseif (!empty($rfile['files'])) {
					
					if (!$wp_filesystem->exists($dest_dir.'/'.$rname)) $wp_filesystem->mkdir($dest_dir.'/'.$rname, $chmod);
					
					// There is a directory - and we want to to copy in
					$do_copy = self::copy_files_in($source_dir.'/'.$rname, $dest_dir.'/'.$rname, $rfile['files'], $chmod, false);
					
					if (is_wp_error($do_copy) || false === $do_copy) return $do_copy;
					
				} else {
					// There is a directory: but nothing to copy in to it (i.e. $file['files'] is empty). Just remove the directory.
					@$wp_filesystem->rmdir($source_dir.'/'.$rname);// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Silenced to suppress errors that may arise because of the method.
				}
			}
		}
		
		// We are meant to leave the working directory empty. Hence, need to rmdir() once a directory is empty. But not the root of it all in case of others/wpcore.
		if ($delete_source || false !== strpos($source_dir, '/')) {
			if (!$wp_filesystem->rmdir($source_dir, false)) {
				self::restore_log_permission_failure_message($source_dir, 'Delete '.$source_dir);
			}
		}
		
		return true;
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * Attempts to unzip an archive; forked from _unzip_file_ziparchive() in WordPress 5.1-alpha-44182, and modified to use the UD zip classes.
	 *
	 * Assumes that WP_Filesystem() has already been called and set up.
	 *
	 * @global WP_Filesystem_Base $wp_filesystem WordPress filesystem subclass.
	 *
	 * @param String  $file               - full path and filename of ZIP archive.
	 * @param String  $to                 - full path on the filesystem to extract archive to.
	 * @param Array	  $needed_dirs        - a partial list of required folders needed to be created.
	 * @param String  $method             - either 'ziparchive' or 'pclzip'.
	 * @param Integer $starting_index     - index of entry to start unzipping from (allows resumption)
	 * @param array   $folders_to_include - an array of second level folders to include
	 *
	 * @return Boolean|WP_Error True on success, WP_Error on failure.
	 */
	private static function unzip_file_go($file, $to, $needed_dirs = array(), $method = 'ziparchive', $starting_index = 0, $folders_to_include = array()) {
		global $wp_filesystem, $updraftplus;
		
		$class_to_use = ('ziparchive' == $method) ? 'UpdraftPlus_ZipArchive' : 'UpdraftPlus_PclZip';

		if (!class_exists($class_to_use)) updraft_try_include_file('includes/class-zip.php', 'require_once');
		
		$updraftplus->log('Unzipping '.basename($file).' to '.$to.' using '.$class_to_use.', starting index '.$starting_index);
		
		$z = new $class_to_use;

		$flags = (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.2.12', '>') && defined('ZIPARCHIVE::CHECKCONS')) ? ZIPARCHIVE::CHECKCONS : 4;
		
		// This is just for crazy people with mbstring.func_overload enabled (deprecated from PHP 7.2)
		// This belongs somewhere else
		// if ('UpdraftPlus_PclZip' == $class_to_use) mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
		// if ('UpdraftPlus_PclZip' == $class_to_use) reset_mbstring_encoding();
		
		$zopen = $z->open($file, $flags);
		
		if (true !== $zopen) {
			return new WP_Error('incompatible_archive', __('Incompatible Archive.'), array($method.'_error' => $z->last_error));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
		}

		$uncompressed_size = 0;

		$num_files = $z->numFiles;

		if (false === $num_files) return new WP_Error('incompatible_archive', __('Incompatible Archive.'), array($method.'_error' => $z->last_error));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
		
		for ($i = $starting_index; $i < $num_files; $i++) {
			if (!$info = $z->statIndex($i)) {
				return new WP_Error('stat_failed_'.$method, __('Could not retrieve file from archive.').' ('.$z->last_error.')');// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			// Skip the OS X-created __MACOSX directory
			if ('__MACOSX/' === substr($info['name'], 0, 9)) continue;

			// Don't extract invalid files:
			if (0 !== validate_file($info['name'])) continue;

			if (!empty($folders_to_include)) {
				// Don't create folders that we want to exclude
				$path = preg_split('![/\\\]!', untrailingslashit($info['name']));
				if (isset($path[1]) && !in_array($path[1], $folders_to_include)) continue;
			}

			$uncompressed_size += $info['size'];

			if ('/' === substr($info['name'], -1)) {
				// Directory.
				$needed_dirs[] = $to . untrailingslashit($info['name']);
			} elseif ('.' !== ($dirname = dirname($info['name']))) {
				// Path to a file.
				$needed_dirs[] = $to . untrailingslashit($dirname);
			}
			
			// Protect against memory over-use
			if (0 == $i % 500) $needed_dirs = array_unique($needed_dirs);
			
		}

		/*
		* disk_free_space() could return false. Assume that any falsey value is an error.
		* A disk that has zero free bytes has bigger problems.
		* Require we have enough space to unzip the file and copy its contents, with a 10% buffer.
		*/
		if (self::wp_doing_cron()) {
			$available_space = function_exists('disk_free_space') ? @disk_free_space(WP_CONTENT_DIR) : false;// phpcs:ignore Generic.PHP.NoSilencedErrors.Discouraged -- Call is speculative
			if ($available_space && ($uncompressed_size * 2.1) > $available_space) {
				return new WP_Error('disk_full_unzip_file', __('Could not copy files.').' '.__('You may have run out of disk space.'), compact('uncompressed_size', 'available_space'));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}
		}

		$needed_dirs = array_unique($needed_dirs);
		foreach ($needed_dirs as $dir) {
			// Check the parent folders of the folders all exist within the creation array.
			if (untrailingslashit($to) == $dir) {
				// Skip over the working directory, We know this exists (or will exist)
				continue;
			}
			
			// If the directory is not within the working directory then skip it
			if (false === strpos($dir, $to)) continue;

			$parent_folder = dirname($dir);
			while (!empty($parent_folder) && untrailingslashit($to) != $parent_folder && !in_array($parent_folder, $needed_dirs)) {
				$needed_dirs[] = $parent_folder;
				$parent_folder = dirname($parent_folder);
			}
		}
		asort($needed_dirs);

		// Create those directories if need be:
		foreach ($needed_dirs as $_dir) {
			// Only check to see if the Dir exists upon creation failure. Less I/O this way.
			if (!$wp_filesystem->mkdir($_dir, FS_CHMOD_DIR) && !$wp_filesystem->is_dir($_dir)) {
				return new WP_Error('mkdir_failed_'.$method, __('Could not create directory.'), substr($_dir, strlen($to)));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}
		}
		unset($needed_dirs);

		$size_written = 0;
		
		$content_cache = array();
		$content_cache_highest = -1;

		for ($i = $starting_index; $i < $num_files; $i++) {

			if (!$info = $z->statIndex($i)) {
				return new WP_Error('stat_failed_'.$method, __('Could not retrieve file from archive.'));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			// directory
			if ('/' == substr($info['name'], -1)) continue;

			// Don't extract the OS X-created __MACOSX
			if ('__MACOSX/' === substr($info['name'], 0, 9)) continue;

			// Don't extract invalid files:
			if (0 !== validate_file($info['name'])) continue;

			if (!empty($folders_to_include)) {
				// Don't extract folders that we want to exclude
				$path = preg_split('![/\\\]!', untrailingslashit($info['name']));
				if (isset($path[1]) && !in_array($path[1], $folders_to_include)) continue;
			}

			// N.B. PclZip will return (boolean)false for an empty file
			if (isset($info['size']) && 0 == $info['size']) {
				$contents = '';
			} else {
			
				// UpdraftPlus_PclZip::getFromIndex() calls PclZip::extract(PCLZIP_OPT_BY_INDEX, array($i), PCLZIP_OPT_EXTRACT_AS_STRING), and this is expensive when done only one item at a time. We try to cache in chunks for good performance as well as being able to resume.
				if ($i > $content_cache_highest && 'UpdraftPlus_PclZip' == $class_to_use) {

					$memory_usage = memory_get_usage(false);
					$total_memory = $updraftplus->memory_check_current();
				
					if ($memory_usage > 0 && $total_memory > 0) {
						$memory_free = $total_memory*1048576 - $memory_usage;
					} else {
						// A sane default. Anything is ultimately better than WP's default of just unzipping everything into memory.
						$memory_free = 50*1048576;
					}
					
					$use_memory = max(10485760, $memory_free - 10485760);

					$total_byte_count = 0;
					$content_cache = array();
					$cache_indexes = array();
					
					$cache_index = $i;
					while ($cache_index < $num_files && $total_byte_count < $use_memory) {
						if (false !== ($cinfo = $z->statIndex($cache_index)) && isset($cinfo['size']) && '/' != substr($cinfo['name'], -1) && '__MACOSX/' !== substr($cinfo['name'], 0, 9) && 0 === validate_file($cinfo['name'])) {
							$total_byte_count += $cinfo['size'];
							if ($total_byte_count < $use_memory) {
								$cache_indexes[] = $cache_index;
								$content_cache_highest = $cache_index;
							}
						}
						$cache_index++;
					}

					if (!empty($cache_indexes)) {
						$content_cache = $z->updraftplus_getFromIndexBulk($cache_indexes);
					}
				}
				$contents = isset($content_cache[$i]) ? $content_cache[$i] : $z->getFromIndex($i);
			}
			
			if (false === $contents && ('pclzip' !== $method || 0 !== $info['size'])) {
				return new WP_Error('extract_failed_'.$method, __('Could not extract file from archive.').' '.$z->last_error, json_encode($info));// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			if (!$wp_filesystem->put_contents($to . $info['name'], $contents, FS_CHMOD_FILE)) {
				return new WP_Error('copy_failed_'.$method, __('Could not copy file.'), $info['name']);// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.I18n.MissingArgDomain -- The string exists within the WordPress core.
			}

			if (!empty($info['size'])) $size_written += $info['size'];

			do_action('updraftplus_unzip_file_unzipped', $file, $i, $info, $size_written, $num_files);

		}

		$z->close();

		return true;
	}
}
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	<title>google Archives - Smart Office</title>
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		<title>ASIO&#8217;s No.1 Spy Weighs Into Encryption Debate</title>
		<link>https://smartoffice.com.au/asios-no-1-spy-weighs-encryption-debate/</link>
					<comments>https://smartoffice.com.au/asios-no-1-spy-weighs-encryption-debate/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Computer Daily News]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2020 23:56:45 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Content and Downloads]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ASIO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ASIO boss]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Australias Spies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Encrypted data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Facebook]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[google]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[twitter]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://smartoffice.com.au/?p=97788</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>CANBERRA: Australia’s spies have expressed frustration at technology companies that encrypt their messaging and communications systems, calling on them to stop the practice. The head of ASIO, Mike Burgess, pictured, says it’s a matter of fact that intelligence agencies bug homes and cars, so why not cyberspace? Fair question, except those technology companies, like Facebook, ... <a title="ASIO&#8217;s No.1 Spy Weighs Into Encryption Debate" class="read-more" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/asios-no-1-spy-weighs-encryption-debate/" aria-label="Read more about ASIO&#8217;s No.1 Spy Weighs Into Encryption Debate">Read more</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/asios-no-1-spy-weighs-encryption-debate/">ASIO&#8217;s No.1 Spy Weighs Into Encryption Debate</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>
<p><span lang="en-GB">CANBERRA: Australia’s spies have expressed frustration at technology companies that encrypt their messaging and communications systems, calling on them to stop the practice.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><span lang="en-GB">The head of ASIO, Mike Burgess, pictured, says it’s a matter of fact that intelligence agencies bug homes and cars, so why not cyberspace?</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><span lang="en-GB">Fair question, except those technology companies, like Facebook, Twitter, Google etc. aren’t playing the game.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><span lang="en-GB">Burgess told the Institute of Public Administration that, because they’re not co-operating, proponents of encryption technologies are acting outside existing social norms.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><span lang="en-GB">Burgess said private conversations are actually a good thing, but … “the real challenge comes when you have a lawful need.” He means, when intelligence agencies want to bug your phone.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><span lang="en-GB">The problem with Burgess’s argument is that it comes directly out of the pages of the Peter Dutton playbook. The Home Affairs Minister has referred to Facebook CEO, Mark Zuckerberg as morally bankrupt, along with other social media platforms, blaming them for an increase in child exploitation.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><span lang="en-GB">Burgess is not a happy bunny, especially as, instead of listening to his and other spy bosses&#8217; pleas for a social media more open to scrutiny, the platforms are instead fortifying their communications encryption.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><span lang="en-GB">The ASIO boss‘s speech is certain to draw the ire of Australia’s technology community, who already railed at the government’s Assistance and Access Act, more commonly known as the Encryption Act. </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p><span lang="en-GB">The Act compels public servants to help investigators access encrypted data, but it can’t be working too well so far, judging by Burgess’ frustrated tones. – Chris Castellari</span></p>
</div>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/asios-no-1-spy-weighs-encryption-debate/">ASIO&#8217;s No.1 Spy Weighs Into Encryption Debate</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
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		<title>INSIGHT: Networked Sound &#038; Home Theatre Battle Looms</title>
		<link>https://smartoffice.com.au/insight-networked-sound-home-theatre-battle-looms/</link>
					<comments>https://smartoffice.com.au/insight-networked-sound-home-theatre-battle-looms/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Richards]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Jul 2018 06:57:39 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SOUND]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[alexa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Amazon Alexa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apple homepod]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[google]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[google home]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Networked Sound]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sonos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sound]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[speakers]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://smartoffice.com.au/?p=96151</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>As the battle for the sound tastes of consumers intensifies and with Sonos on the back foot and desperately trying to raise funding a battle royal is set to unfold with brands who in the past have partnered set to take each other on. At the same time new entrants to the sound market are ... <a title="INSIGHT: Networked Sound &#038; Home Theatre Battle Looms" class="read-more" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/insight-networked-sound-home-theatre-battle-looms/" aria-label="Read more about INSIGHT: Networked Sound &#038; Home Theatre Battle Looms">Read more</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/insight-networked-sound-home-theatre-battle-looms/">INSIGHT: Networked Sound &#038; Home Theatre Battle Looms</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As the battle for the sound tastes of consumers intensifies and with Sonos on the back foot and desperately trying to raise funding a battle royal is set to unfold with brands who in the past have partnered set to take each other on.</p>
<p>At the same time new entrants to the sound market are now moving to a new generation of sound gear. Google is rolling out a new premium networked speaker, Apple a new range of speakers and headphones and several specialist such as the Swedish Company Audio Pro are now expanding into the premium networked sound market. The big question now is where this market is going and what will the future look like.</p>
<p>Analyst firm Canalys claims that the market will more than double in size to reach 225 million units by 2020, they are also tipping that the smart speaker market is set to approach an installed base of 100 million devices by the end of this year, making it almost 2.5 times bigger than at the end of 2017.</p>
<p>Amazon Echo devices will account for over 50 percent of the installed base in 2018, while Google’s Home series will account for 30 percent. At present, Apple’s HomePod – late entrants to the market – are trailing and will account for a meagre four percent of the 2018 base, according to Canalys.</p>
<figure id="attachment_85783" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-85783" style="width: 932px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.channelnews.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Apple-HomePod-4.png"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="wp-image-85783 size-full" src="https://www.channelnews.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Apple-HomePod-4.png" alt="" width="942" height="582" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-85783" class="wp-caption-text">Apple Homepod</figcaption></figure>
<p>Multi-room audio systems, which enable consumers to play songs through mobile application, are expected to pave huge opportunities for home theatre audio systems manufacturers.</p>
<p>Integration of home audio systems with wearable devices have compelled manufacturers in developing smart and networked speakers</p>
<p>Global sales of home theatre audio systems will account for revenues worth US$9 Billion in 2017, according to a report by Persistence Market Research (PMR).</p>
<p>PMR’s report projects the global home theatre audio systems market to register 5% CAGR through 2025. Global sales of home theatre audio systems alone are estimated to reach nearly US$ 15,000 Mn in revenues by 2025-end.</p>
<figure id="attachment_92266" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-92266" style="width: 887px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.channelnews.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/sonos-hay-2.jpg"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-92266 size-full" src="https://www.channelnews.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/sonos-hay-2.jpg" alt="" width="897" height="603" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-92266" class="wp-caption-text">Sonos One</figcaption></figure>
<p>&#8220;Value&#8221; home theatre audio systems will remain sought after, based on price range while sales of premium home theatre audio systems will register the fastest growth in the Australian market, this bodes well for the likes of Denon, Marantz, Bowers and Wilkins and Harman.</p>
<p>In addition, revenues from sales of mid-range home theatre audio systems will remain comparatively higher than that of premium home theatre audio systems.</p>
<p>Mass retailers such as JB Hi Fi and The Good Guys along with Harvey Norman will remain the most lucrative sales channel for home theatre audio systems, expanding at the highest CAGR through 2025.</p>
<p>Sales of home theatre audio systems in the specialist channel are also tipped to grow by 12%.</p>
<p>By technology, Bluetooth home theatre audio systems will remain dominant in the market, followed by Wi-Fi.</p>
<p>In addition, sales of Wi-Fi and NFC home theatre audio systems are estimated to exhibit parallel expansion at 4.8% CAGR through 2025.</p>
<p>More than 40 Mn units of 9.1 channel &amp; above home theatre audio systems are expected to be sold by 2025-end, based on channel type. In terms of volume, sales of 6.1 channel home theatre audio systems will comparatively lower than other channel type segments in the market.</p>
<p>Asia-Pacific (APAC) will remain the second largest market for home theatre audio systems after the USA, closely followed by Europe. However, sales in Europe will exhibit a comparatively higher CAGR than APAC through 2025.</p>
<p>The analysts claim that increasing adoption of wireless home theatre audio systems will drive market growth in Australia, Increasing adoption of wireless home theatre audio systems equipped with features such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth will also deliver growth for retailers.</p>
<p>Specialist sound dealers are witnessing a rise in technological advancements, transforming the way in which music is played. The biggest issue for these dealers is the cost of marketing to bring consumers into their stores, e/marketing and effective web site operations coupled with regular EDM campaigns are critical if the specialist channel is to stay competitive and above all a relevant place to shop say analysts.</p>
<figure id="attachment_66518" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-66518" style="width: 990px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.channelnews.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DENON-HEOS-Bar-atmosphere-on_black.jpg"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-66518 size-full" src="https://www.channelnews.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DENON-HEOS-Bar-atmosphere-on_black.jpg" alt="" width="1000" height="667" srcset="https://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DENON-HEOS-Bar-atmosphere-on_black.jpg 1000w, https://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DENON-HEOS-Bar-atmosphere-on_black-300x200.jpg 300w, https://smartoffice.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DENON-HEOS-Bar-atmosphere-on_black-768x512.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-66518" class="wp-caption-text">Denon Heos Soundbar</figcaption></figure>
<p>Key market players identified in PMR’s report include Bose Corporation, Harman International Industries, Yamaha Corporation, Sony Corporation, LG Electronics, Samsung Electronics, Pioneer Corporation, Sound United LLC, Philips, Bowers &amp; Wilkins, Pioneer Corporation, Bang &amp; Olufsen, Braven LC, as well as Apple, Google and Amazon.</p>
<p>“The US is the world leader in smart speaker adoption,” said research analyst Vincent Thielke. “Amazon and Google know the power of an ecosystem lock-in and have been engaged in a fierce price war to try and build the largest installed base.</p>
<p>“As Amazon’s Prime Day looms, customers expect discounts, and the company is set for a rush of shipments.”</p>
<p>Amazon and Google will take their devices beyond the smart home and deploy them in a range of new scenarios, he added. “Their business development teams are targeting commercial opportunities, such as hotels, offices, gyms, and airports, with initiatives such as Amazon’s Alexa for Business and Alexa for Hospitality.</p>
<p>“These deployments are a major opportunity for the IT channel to develop solutions and provide technical skills and services that customers may lack.”</p>
<p>“In the second half of 2018, sales promotions will be an important driver, as vendors anticipate a surge of shipments during the December January peak shopping period.</p>
<figure id="attachment_90544" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-90544" style="width: 1041px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://www.channelnews.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/google-home-max-1.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-90544 size-full" src="https://www.channelnews.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/google-home-max-1.jpg" alt="" width="1051" height="439" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-90544" class="wp-caption-text">Google Home Max</figcaption></figure>
<p>Growth creates growth</p>
<p>“The rapid growth of the smart speaker installed base is itself a growth driver,” added Canalys analyst Ben Stanton. “Amazon and Google are desperate to prove the scale and reach of their platforms to developers.</p>
<p>“As the Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant speaker installed bases grow, the companies can make a more compelling case. And as developers invest in voice and try to cash in on the creation of new experiences, smart speaker adoption will grow.</p>
<p>“The battle for developers’ attention is vital for Google and Amazon. It will determine the speed at which they can appeal to new demographics, move into new industry verticals, and gain traction in new countries.”</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/insight-networked-sound-home-theatre-battle-looms/">INSIGHT: Networked Sound &#038; Home Theatre Battle Looms</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
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		<title>Coinhive attacks hit Google ads</title>
		<link>https://smartoffice.com.au/coinhive-attacks-hit-google-ads/</link>
					<comments>https://smartoffice.com.au/coinhive-attacks-hit-google-ads/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Computer Daily News]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 29 Jan 2018 23:57:55 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Financial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Home Office]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Networking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sales & Marketing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[coinhive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[google]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[google ads]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hackers]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://smartoffice.com.au/?p=95939</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>More than a decade since Google bought DoubleClick for a cool $3.1 billion, it&#8217;s estimated that Google&#8217;s ad network now reaches about 250 million unique viewers in the US alone. But the company is being hit with a burgeoning number of cyber attacks, abusing DoubleClick in a bid to distribute moneymaking malware. The malware&#8217;s goal: ... <a title="Coinhive attacks hit Google ads" class="read-more" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/coinhive-attacks-hit-google-ads/" aria-label="Read more about Coinhive attacks hit Google ads">Read more</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/coinhive-attacks-hit-google-ads/">Coinhive attacks hit Google ads</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>More than a decade since Google bought DoubleClick for a cool $3.1 billion, it&#8217;s estimated that Google&#8217;s ad network now reaches about 250 million unique viewers in the US alone.<br />
<span><br />
</span><span>But the company is being hit with a burgeoning number of cyber attacks, abusing DoubleClick in a bid to distribute moneymaking malware. The malware&#8217;s goal: to mine crypto-currency on infected computers and funnel earnings back to its criminal controllers.</span><br />
<span><br />
</span><span>The attack delivers Coinhive, a mining script that has legitimate applications but is being installed without permission.</span><br />
<span><br />
</span><span>This malware has been dubbed cryptojacking, and its use by criminal hackers has skyrocketed in recent months. </span></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/coinhive-attacks-hit-google-ads/">Coinhive attacks hit Google ads</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
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		<title>Quantum leaps and bounds</title>
		<link>https://smartoffice.com.au/quantum-leaps-bounds/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Computer Daily News]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 12 Oct 2017 06:14:05 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Industry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[google]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Microsoft]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://smartoffice.com.au/?p=95670</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Intel has unveiled a new chip for quantum computing and delivered it to a European research group. The new 17-qubit superconducting chip is the first such device Intel has discussed publicly. It follows the announcement of a US$50 million partnership with Dutch research organisation QuTech two years ago. The design is said to improve reliability ... <a title="Quantum leaps and bounds" class="read-more" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/quantum-leaps-bounds/" aria-label="Read more about Quantum leaps and bounds">Read more</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/quantum-leaps-bounds/">Quantum leaps and bounds</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Intel has unveiled a new chip for quantum computing and delivered it to a European research group. The new 17-qubit superconducting chip is the first such device Intel has discussed publicly.</p>
<p>It follows the announcement of a US$50 million partnership with Dutch research organisation QuTech two years ago.</p>
<p>The design is said to improve reliability and thermal performance, as well as reducing radio frequency interference.</p>
<p>Intel is in a race with Google, IBM, Microsoft and others to plant a firm footing in quantum computing. It believes quantum computing won&#8217;t replace today&#8217;s computers – but augment them.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/quantum-leaps-bounds/">Quantum leaps and bounds</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
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		<title>Microsoft Left Behind by AWS, What’s New?</title>
		<link>https://smartoffice.com.au/microsoft-left-behind-aws-whats-new/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Computer Daily News]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Sep 2017 23:51:23 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Networking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[alibaba]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amazon web services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[AWS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[google]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Microsoft]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[microsoft azure]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://smartoffice.com.au/?p=95601</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Amazon Web Services is totally dominating the global infrastructure-as-a-service market, with 44.2 percent of the action, according to a new Gartner survey. AWS is followed at a long distance behind by Microsoft Azure with just seven percent of the market, while in third place with three percent is Jack Ma&#8217;s Alibaba, which Gartner notes opened ... <a title="Microsoft Left Behind by AWS, What’s New?" class="read-more" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/microsoft-left-behind-aws-whats-new/" aria-label="Read more about Microsoft Left Behind by AWS, What’s New?">Read more</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/microsoft-left-behind-aws-whats-new/">Microsoft Left Behind by AWS, What’s New?</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Amazon Web Services is totally dominating the global infrastructure-as-a-service market, with 44.2 percent of the action, according to a new Gartner survey. AWS is followed at a long distance behind by Microsoft Azure with just seven percent of the market, while in third place with three percent is Jack Ma&#8217;s Alibaba, which Gartner notes opened a datacentre in Australia last year.</p>
<p>In fourth place with just 2.3pc was Google.</p>
<p>&#8220;The market for cloud services is growing faster than virtually every other IT market today, with much of this growth coming at the expense of the traditional, non-cloud offerings,&#8221; said Sid Nag, a Gartner research director.</p>
<p>&#8220;The demand for cloud-based IaaS continues on its path of aggressive growth, and the high growth of IaaS is also driving growth in related cloud markets.&#8221;</p>
<p>While AWS heavily dominated the market in 2016, Microsoft Azure gained &#8220;more momentum,&#8221;and Google made &#8220;some gains&#8221;, Gartner says, kindly.</p>
<p>Despite its huge lead, Gartner predicts that Amazon will witness future &#8220;growth erosion&#8221; in market share, as non-hyperscale providers struggle to provide value through their services, while other IaaS market leaders will see an increase in growth.</p>
<p>Nag notes that Amazon has achieved its top spot by serving the most customers across the broadest range of use cases – from cloud-native start-ups to mid-market businesses wanting to lift and shift traditional applications, and to enterprises executing &#8220;transformational migrations&#8221; to the cloud.</p>
<p>His advice: &#8220;Technology strategic planners must build both relevant offerings and partner-based ecosystems to seize the opportunity.&#8221;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/microsoft-left-behind-aws-whats-new/">Microsoft Left Behind by AWS, What’s New?</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
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		<title>Android O for Pixel Phones Arriving Aug 21st</title>
		<link>https://smartoffice.com.au/android-o-pixel-phones-arriving-aug-21st/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Roma Christian]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 2017 04:25:59 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Smartphones]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Android O]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[google]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pixel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[smartphones]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://smartoffice.com.au/?p=95372</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Credible sources have confirmed Google will release Android O on August 21st, ahead of the second generation of Pixel phones due to arrive later in the year. Reputed commentator David Ruddock, Managing Director of Android Police, tweeted out that Google are “planning some degree of spectacle” around Android O’s arrival, and that it may receive ... <a title="Android O for Pixel Phones Arriving Aug 21st" class="read-more" href="https://smartoffice.com.au/android-o-pixel-phones-arriving-aug-21st/" aria-label="Read more about Android O for Pixel Phones Arriving Aug 21st">Read more</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/android-o-pixel-phones-arriving-aug-21st/">Android O for Pixel Phones Arriving Aug 21st</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Credible sources have confirmed Google will release Android O on August 21st, ahead of the second generation of Pixel phones due to arrive later in the year.</p>
<p>Reputed commentator David Ruddock, Managing Director of Android Police, tweeted out that Google are “planning some degree of spectacle” around Android O’s arrival, and that it may receive its name on August 21st.</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en">
<p lang="en" dir="ltr">According to one source whose information I cannot verify, Android O will receive a name on the day of the solar eclipse (August 21st).</p>
<p>&mdash; David Ruddock (@RDR0b11) <a href="https://twitter.com/RDR0b11/status/895720628426166273">August 10, 2017</a></p></blockquote>
<p><script async src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p>
<p>This was followed by another tweet, which informed that the Android O update for Pixel phone is also scheduled for this date.</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en">
<p lang="en" dir="ltr">The Android O update for Pixel is now scheduled for August 21st.</p>
<p>&mdash; David Ruddock (@RDR0b11) <a href="https://twitter.com/RDR0b11/status/896094402568794112">August 11, 2017</a></p></blockquote>
<p><script async src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p>
<p>Serial tech leaker Evan Blass also confirmed this not long after.</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en">
<p lang="en" dir="ltr">Android O release scheduled for the week of 8/21, &quot;most likely on the 21st itself.&quot;</p>
<p>&mdash; Evan Blass (@evleaks) <a href="https://twitter.com/evleaks/status/896191945701249024">August 12, 2017</a></p></blockquote>
<p><script async src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p>
<p>It is speculated that the major software update will add a new picture-in-picture mode, new notification dots to the OS, and introduce improvements to Bluetooth audio playback.</p>
<p>There will also be internal improvements which will allow the smartphone to boot up faster, and increase the speed of loading apps.</p>
<p>Traditionally, Google has released full version name updates to Android by introducing a new device.</p>
<p>Android O’s predecessor, Nougat, launched last year alongside the Google Pixel.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au/android-o-pixel-phones-arriving-aug-21st/">Android O for Pixel Phones Arriving Aug 21st</a> appeared first on <a href="https://smartoffice.com.au">Smart Office</a>.</p>
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